GRASSES IN KANSAS 371 



ryegrass and the oat-grasses are valuable under certain conditions, 

 but they have found no important place in this part of the country. 

 I believe, however, that there is a good field for investigation along 

 this line and that the number of grasses that may be profitably 

 used for meadows will be increased. Concerning clovers, it is our 

 observation that for general purposes on an ordinary farm where 

 ordinary rotations are followed there is nothing that can quite 

 take the place of common red clover. There is very little else 

 used in this state. Where soil improvement is the prime object 

 in clover production I believe the mammoth clover has an impor- 

 tant place, and some of our farmers are using it for that purpose 

 with very satisfactory results ; but where clover may be used for 

 either hay or seed production, or both, the common red has the 

 preference. I am of the opinion that alsike clover should be used 

 to a greater extent for sowing in meadows with timothy, as it 

 works in well with timothy and adds very materially to the quality 

 of the hay produced. Alsike is grown for seed to some extent 

 here, but a strong objection to it is that it is^eak-stemmed and 

 lies too close to the ground when sown alone. With a mixture of 

 timothy this objection does not hold. Under favorable conditions in 

 southern Indiana it is practically a perennial and in well-cared-for 

 meadows should last a long time. Alfalfa is becoming quite popular 

 here and will soon be one of the leading legumes grown for hay 

 and pasture purposes. For permanent pastures there is nothing 

 quite equal to Kentucky bluegrass, but in many cases it seems wise 

 to mix some other grasses and clovers with it, especially in cases 

 where the bluegrass does not grow luxuriantly at certain times of 

 the year. In this way several of the grasses and clovers may find 

 a place in permanent pastures. For temporary pastures, red clover 

 with a little timothy in it is most popular. There are a number of 

 annual crops that may be profitably used for pasture, especially for 

 hogs. Among these are the cowpea and soybean. Our observations 

 indicate that alfalfa will be more and more used for pasture pur- 

 poses as people become better acquainted with it and learn how 

 properly to treat it. 



KANSAS. Prof. A. M. Ten Eyck, of the Agronomy Department 

 of the Kansas State Agricultural College, Manhattan : There are 

 no domestic grasses adapted for growing in central and western 

 Kansas which will make good permanent pasture or meadow. 



