DEPRESSION OF THE FREEZING-POINT 241 



1 037 X 10~ 2 



From the value of - -, ; r for the ovomucoid chloride 

 P (u + v) 



we obtain: P (u + v) = 134 X lO" 5 , 



whence, if p = 4, u + v = 46 X 10~ 5 , which agrees very well 

 with the values obtained with other protein salts for this constant 

 (Tables XXIV and XXV; Cf. also p. 235). 



A one-half per cent solution of salmin hydrochloride freezes 

 at a temperature of 0.04 degrees lower than distilled water. 

 This corresponds to the freezing-point depression of a solution 



in which the molecular + ionic concentration is -^ . Now the 



46 



equivalent concentration of HC1 neutralized by salmin in a J 



AM 



per cent solution of salmin hydrochloride is j=. Each molecule 



of combined hydrochloric acid yields, therefore, one molecule 

 or one ion of salmin hydrochloride. Salmin hydrochloride in 

 | per cent solution is very highly ionized, since dilution only 

 increases its equivalent conductivity to a small extent and we 

 must infer, therefore, since the salt exists in solution largely in 

 the form of ions, that each molecule of combined acid yields 

 one ion of the protein salt. One molecule of salmin hydrochloride 

 contains at least four molecules of combined hydrochloric acid 

 (3) (24), hence one molecule of salmin hydrochloride must yield 

 four ions or a multiple thereof. From the value of the constant 

 p (u + v) in Table XXVI we must infer that the valency of each 

 of these ions is 4. These phenomena obviously correspond with 

 those which would be exhibited by a salt which forms and dis- 

 sociates in accordance with equations of the type: 



H Cl 



.COH.N. .COH++ 



v 



X COH.N X N COH++ 



/ \ 

 H Cl 



and 



COH.N v .COH++ . 



)^ + H 2 S0 4 = R/ +S0 4 



COH.N X N COH++ 



