VOL. I. 



CONTENTS. 



V.I 



CHAPTER PAQB 



INTRODUCTION. i 



I. THE PROTOPLAST 1 



II. THE PROTOPLAST AS HOUSE-BUILDER AND HOUSE-FURNISHER 24 



III. CELL COMMUNITIES : A CHAPIER ON TISSUES 73 



IV. THE ASCENDING SAP , 92 



V. THE DESCENDING SAP . . . 124 



VI. SEED AND ROOT . 160 



VII. NATURE'S WOODCRAFT : A CHAPTER ON STEMS 205 



VIII. LEAF-BEGINNINGS AND LEAF-FORMS 245 



IX. THE LEAF IN RELATION TO ITS ENVIRONMENT 278 



COLOURED PLATES. 



A Beautiful Uganda Flower (Spathodea niloticii) ....... frontispiece 



Facing page 



The Rosy-lipped Cattleya (Cattleya lablata) 33 



Glory Pea (Clianthus dampieri) ............ 65 



A Pitcher-plant (Nepenthes amesianci) 97 



Western Banksia (Banksia occidentalis) 129 



Variegated Adamia (Adamia versicolor) . . . . . . . . . .161 



Scarlet Passion-flower (Tacsonia manicata) 193 



Moutan Pseony (Pceonia moutan) ........... 225 



Walker's Cattleya (Cattleya walkeriana) .......... 256 



ILLUSTRATIONS IN THE TEXT. 



PACE 



Alenrone Grains, Crystalloids 



and Globoids in . .53 



Amoeba .... 9 



Aristolochia, Reniform Leaf 

 of a Species of . . 268 



Arrowhead. . . . 275 



Leaf of . . . .270 

 Aspen . . . .64 

 Bacilli : Single-celled Fungi . 12 

 Bamboo . . . 55,225 

 Banana, Flowers of v 

 Banyan . . . .193 

 Barley . 1 



Grain of, before Germina- 



tion, and tbe Same 

 Germinating . . 170 



Grains of, Germinating in 



the Ear . . . 1 

 Bean, Common, Star-shaped 



Cellsof ... 26 



Bee Orchis. , 3 



PAGE 



Begonia .... 276 

 Bell-animalcule . . .10 

 Bignonia, Pitted Wood Cells 



from . . 

 Bindweed, Hedge 

 Birch . . 



Birch -tree . . 

 Birttiwort . . 

 Blackthorn . 

 Bladderwort, Commo 



Flower of . 



Small . . 



' Blood Portent " 

 Bog Moss . . 

 Bomarea carderi. 

 Bottle-tree . 



Bramble . . 



and Honeysuckle 

 Brazilian Forest, 



Scene in a . 



. .32 

 . . 235 

 . 65,201 

 . .203 

 . . v 

 . .229 



. 108 



. . 106 

 . .109 



.14 



. .33 

 . . 132 

 . .222 

 . 199, 224 

 . , 238 

 Night 



.143 



Broomrape, Large 



Lesser . . : 



Tall 



Brnnsvigia josephince . 

 Bryony, White . 



Black . . . 

 Bryophyllum calycinum 

 Buckbean . . . . 

 Bundle, Fibro- vascular 

 " Bush-rope " 

 Buttercup, Bulbous 

 Butterwort, Common . 



Mexican 



Pale . 



Section through Leaf of 

 Cabomba . 



Cactus, Ackermar.n's . 



Flowers of a . 



Giant . 

 Carrot, Wild 



PAGE 



. 187 



. 153 



. 155 



, 151 



, 219 



231 



237 



252 



35 



208 



220 



179 



108 



102 



103 



140 



281 



47 



27 



67 



177 



PAGE 



" Caterpillar, Vegetable " . 157 

 Cedar-tree, Cone of . .84 

 Celandine . . . .49 



Lesser . . . .182 

 Cell, Pitted (Diagrammatic), 



Section of a Part of a . 32 



Single, Plant of a . .. 11 

 Cells,Porous,Diagram to illus- 

 trate the Disposition of 

 Layers of Secondary 

 Deposit in . . .32 



Cephailis ipecacuanha, Annu- 



lated Root of,and Flower 184 

 Ccphalotus follicularis. . 13 n 

 Ceropegia sandersoni , . 240 

 Cherry, ' Five-ranked (Pen- 

 tastichous) Arrangement 

 ' of Leaves of the. . 256 



Wild . . . .257 

 Chicory .... 48 

 Cinquefoil . . . .268 



