THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST 73 



lings live; consequently only those methods should he used 

 which will accomplish this. Where the area has been burned 

 over previous to sowing and the mineral soil laid bare, broad- 

 cast seeding may be employed. Where the ground will permit 

 the use of a harrow good results are obtainable by scarifying 

 the soil in strips about 10 feet apart and sowing the seed in 

 these strips. On unburned areas covered with a dense growth 

 of fern, salal, moss, grass, or other plants, this covering must 

 be removed by the seed spot method. This consists in remov- 

 ing the ground cover with a grub hoe or mattock in spots of 

 varying diameter (6 inches to 3 feet) and of various dis- 

 tances apart (6 to 15 feet), and sowing the seed in these 

 spots. The advantages of this method are that a minimum 

 amount of seed is used; the ground can be prepared and the 

 seed covered to whatever extent is desirable, and the soil 

 pressed down. This method is believed to be the one best 

 suited to the greatest variety of sites. 



The amount of seed used per acre will, of course, vary with 

 the species and the method used, and the quality of the seed. 

 The following table indicates the approximate quantity of 

 seed of good average quality required per acre for three dif- 

 ferent methods, the average cost when collected in fairly 

 large quantities, and the number of seed per pound : 



No. pounds required per acre. 



No. seed Cost per Broadcast, Seedspots 



Species. per Ib. pound, entire area. Strips. 6' apart. 



Douglas nr 42,000 $1.50 2-3 %-l %-% 



Yellow pine 8,000 .50 10-12 2 -2% l%-2 



Western white pine 14,000 .75 6-8 1V&-1% 1 -1% 



The total cost, too, will vary widely, not only because of 

 the different quantities of seed used but also because of the 

 great extent to which the methods are varied to suit the con- 

 ditions occurring upon the area. Simple broadcasting with- 

 out any preparation or treatment of the soil will not exceed 

 20 cents to 25 cents per acre for labor ; harrowing and sowing 

 in strips, 85 cents to $1.10 per acre, and sowing in seedspots, 



