112 PRINCIPLES OF AMERICAN FOEESTRY. 



tree shortened to correspond. In transplanting trees, 

 they should be set at least one or two inches lower in 

 the soil than they formerly stood, and the roots should 



FIG. 29. Extra-good roots on a forest-grown Elm, used 

 as a street tree. 



be spread out in the holes without crowding. It is cus- 

 tomary to plant many kinds of small trees in furrows 

 made with a plough. 



Very Large Trees (those over ?ix inches in diameter) 

 are sometimes successfully planted in winter by taking 

 them up with a ball of earth. This is done by digging 

 a trench around the tree, late in the autumn, deep enough 

 to cut most of the roots, but far enough away from the 

 tree to leave a large ball of earth. The trench is then 

 filled in with a mulch of some kind, and when the ground 

 is frozen the tree is moved, with the ball of earth at- 

 tached, to the hole which has been previously prepared 

 and kept free from frost. 



After Trees Have Been Moved, or had their roots short- 

 ened in some other way, they should generally not be 

 transplanted again for at least one or two years, during 

 which time they will have overcome the injuries done 

 to their root system. The time which should thus elapse 



