12 



PRINCIPLES OF FEEDING FARM ANIMALS 



in the behavior on exposure to the air is characteristic of drying and 

 non-drying oils. 



Some seeds contain large proportions of fat, while others, e.g., 

 some of the cereals, are low in fat (oil) (Fig. 3). The coarse feeds 

 contain other materials than fat which are soluble in ether, the 

 solvent for fat used in chemical analysis, viz., chlorophyl and various 

 resinous substances. The ether extract, in the case of these feeds, 



10 



20 



25 



30 



35 



FLAXSETO 



SOYBEANS 



DRIED DISTILLERS' GRAINS 



COTTON -SEED MEAL 



UNSEED MEAL 



CORN 



OATS 



WHEAT BRAN 



GLUTEN FEED 



RYE 



BARLEY 



CANADA PEAS 



MANGELS 



POTATOES 



SKIM MILK 



FIG. 3. Fats in common feeding stuffs, in per cent. 



is, therefore, not as pure fat as that from concentrated feeds. The 

 following figures show the average percentages of fat present in 

 various feeds: 



Concentrates Per cent 



Rice 0.4 



Wheat, barley, buckwheat 1.8 to 2.2 



Indian corn and oats. . . . 5.0 to 5.4 



Soybeans 17.2 



Flaxseed 33.7 



Cotton seed . 36.6 



Coarse feeds Per cent 



Soiling crops 0.3 to 2.1 



Hays 1.7 to 3.6 



Straws 1.2 to 2.3 



Roots 0.1 to 0.4 



Corn silage 0.9 



Fat contains more carbon and less hydrogen than the group 

 known as carbohydrates, viz., on the average, 



Carbon, 76 per cent. 

 Hydrogen, 12 per cent. 

 Oxygen, 11.5 per cent. 



They, therefore, furnish more energy on combustion and are 

 more valuable as heat-producing substances than are the carbo- 

 hydrates (for which see p. 13). 



