92 DESCRIPTION OF FEEDING STUFFS 



In describing the Roberts pasture at the Cornell University 

 Farm, Professor Eoberts states that after the pasture was well 

 established it carried fully three times as many cattle per acre as the 

 average pasture of the State of New York. 3 The major factors in 

 securing this result were : 



" 1. The clovers were not allowed to disappear. 



" 2. The stock was not turned on to the pasture in the spring 

 until the soil was well settled and the grass well started. 



" 3. It was not overstocked early in the season ; the plants thus 

 had an opportunity to tiller and get a firm hold on the soil. 



" 4. It was mowed early in June." 



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FIG. 11. Shade trees and a running stream in the pasture make for the health and comfort 

 of farm animals. (Cornell Station.) 



The artificial pastures are grown in rotation with other crops; 

 they are generally sown with a mixture of grasses and legumes, and 

 remain in grass for a period ranging from only one or two years 

 to a series of years, according to the system of rotation adopted. 

 The yields of feed materials obtained from an acre of land in the 

 case of these pastures are also, as a rule, considerably smaller than 

 those secured by growing annual cultivated or hoed crops. 



Pasture Grasses. There are over one thousand different spe- 

 cies of native and introduced grasses' grown in the United States at 

 the present time. Of this number about fifty are found on the 

 market,, and only about a dozen make up our main cultivated species 

 in pastures and meadows. 



Among the more important tame perennial grasses in this 

 country may be mentioned Kentucky blue grass (or June grass), 

 timothy, orchard grass, meadow fescue, red top, smooth brome grass, 



8 "Pastures in New York," Cornell Bulletin 280. 



