262 



BRIDGE ABUTMENTS AND PIERS. 



CHAP. VI 



plates | in. thick and are connected by a double plate web diaphragm, each diaphragm made 

 of rs in. plates spaced 24 in. apart and 25 ft. high, and reaching from below low water to above 

 high water. The diaphragms were covered and filled with concrete. The cylinders are spaced 

 21 ft. centers. The piers were sunk by the pneumatic process. 



Hiqh Wate 



Low Ur/eA- 

 Timber Crib work 

 Stream 



*>^2 



&ect Rock' 



(b) CRIB CONSTRUCTION FOR 

 STEEL TUBULAR PJERS 



FIG. 14. STEEL TUBULAR PIERS FOR ELECTRIC RAILWAY AND HIGHWAY BRIDGES. 



COOPER'S STANDARDS. 



STEEL CYLINDER PIERS FOR RAILWAY BRIDGES. Steel cylinder piers have been 

 used for the foundations of several important bridges, Table V, by the Chicago and Northwestern 

 Railway. Mr. W. H Finley, Asst. Chief Engineer, gives the following advantages of steel cylinder 

 piers over masonry piers.* 



(i) "Where it is desired to provide for future second track, cylinder foundations will cost 

 very little more for double track than for single track. 



* Engineering News, Oct. 24, 1912. 



