STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR REFINED WROUGHT-IRON BARS 



OF THE 



AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALS. 

 ADOPTED AUGUST 25, 1913. 



I. MANUFACTURE. 



1. Process. Refined wrought-iron bars shall be made wholly from puddled iron, and may 

 consist either of new muck-bar iron or a mixture of muck-bar iron and scrap, but shall be free 

 from any admixture of steel. 



II. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND TESTS. 



2. Tension Tests, (a) The iron shall conform to the following minimum requirements as 

 to tensile properties: 



Tensile strength, Ib. per sq. in 48,000 



(See Sections 3 and 4.) 



Yield point, Ib. per sq. in 25,000 



Elongation in 8 in., per cent 22 



(See Section 5.) 



(b) The yield point shall be determined by the drop of the beam of the testing machine. 

 The speed of the cross-head of the machine shall not exceed ij in. per minute. 



3. Permissible Variations in Tensile Strength. Twenty per cent of the test specimens re- 

 presenting one size may show tensile strengths 1000 Ib. per sq. in. under or 5000 Ib. per sq. in. over 

 that specified in Section 2; but no specimen shall show a tensile strength under 45,000 Ib. per sq. in. 



4. Modifications in Tensile Strength. For flat bars which have to be reduced in width, a 

 deduction of 1000 Ib. per sq. in. from the tensile strength specified in Sections 2 and 3 shall be 

 made. 



5. Permissible Variations in Elongation. Twenty per cent of the test specimens representing 

 one size may show the following percentages of elongation in 8 in. : 



ROUND BARS. 



\ in. or over, tested as rolled 20 per cent 



Under i in., " " " 16 



Reduced by machining 18 



FLAT BARS. 



f in. or over, tested as rolled 18 per cent 



Under f in., " " " 16 



Reduced by machining 16 



6. Bend Tests, (a) Cold-bend Tests. Cold-bend tests will be made only on bars having a 

 nominal area of 4 sq. in. or under, in which case the test specimen shall bend cold through 180 deg. 

 without fracture on the outside of the bent portion, around a pin the diameter of which is equal 

 to twice the diameter or thickness of the specimen. 



(b) Hot-bend Tests. The test specimen, when heated to a temperature between 1700 and 

 1800 F., shall bend through 180 deg. without fracture on the outside of the bent portion, as follows: 

 For round bars under 2 sq. in. in section, flat on itself; for round bars 2 sq. in. or over in section 

 and for all flat bars, around a pin the diameter of which is equal to the diameter or thickness of 

 the specimen. 



(c) Nick-bend Tests. The test specimen, when nicked 25 per cent around for round bars, 

 and along one side for flat bars, with a tool having a 6o-deg. cutting edge, to a depth of not less 

 than 8 nor more than 16 per cent of the diameter or thickness of the specimen, and broken, shall 

 not show more than 10 per cent of the fractured surface to be crystalline. 



(d) Bend tests may be made by pressure or by blows. 



7. Etch Tests.* The cross-section of the test specimen shall be ground or polished, and etched 

 for a sufficient period to develop the structure. This test shall show the material to be free from 

 steel. 



*A solution of two parts water, one part concentrated hydrochloric acid, and one part con- 

 centrated sulphuric acid is recommended for the etch test. 



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