INTRODUCTION. 



Many details must be omitted in the succeeding text which 

 are of importance in each operation, but which, if inserted, 

 would render the volume unwieldy in size for the purpose 

 designed. 



These details are in a measure alike in each case, and it is 

 assumed that the student has already familiarized himself 

 with them. The more important of these may be summa- 

 rized as follows : 



1. The subject should bo securely confined in each case 

 as directed, because the method designated has been found 

 effective in the operation under description, and serves to fix 

 the relations of the parts in such a way as to conform to the 

 surgical anatomy of the region as outlined in the text. It 

 is to be constantly borne in mind that a change in the atti- 

 tude of the animal is capable of causing profound alterations 

 in the relations of parts which may greatly embarass the 

 operator, or even prevent his carrying out the operation 

 according to the technic given. In securing an animal for 

 operation we must confine the whole body in a way that will 

 sufficiently control movements and will insure safety to the 

 patient and operator ; the part to be operated upon must be 

 so fixed as to properly limit its motion and in a position to 

 afford the greatest facility for the carrying out of the opera- 

 tion according to the best technic known. 



2. Anaesthesia should be carefully carried out everywhere 

 possible, because in addition to the humane sentiments in- 

 volved, the resulting perfect control of the animal is an 

 essential in aseptic or antiseptic surgery. The student 

 should make a careful study of anaesthesia in these exercises 

 and acquire invaluable experience and confidence for use in 

 actual practice. 



3. Disinfection must be scrupulously applied in every de- 

 tail since upon its effectiveness must hang the verdict of 



