32 SWINE DISEASES 



hog cholera, anthrax, septicemia, cryptogamic poisoning, 

 caustic poisoning, and severe inflammatory disturbances 

 of the intestine. 



Lesions. The particular lesion identifying intestinal 

 hemorrhage is the extravasated blood which may or may 

 not be thoroughly admixed with the intestinal content. 

 If the hemorrhage has been extensive there will be a 

 general anemia of the entire mucosa. Lesions of the 

 intestinal mucosa will be observed in those cases in which 

 the hemorrhage has been induced by trauma or chemical 

 irritants. There may be no evidence of intestinal 

 mucous membrane lesions in the infective diseases like 

 hog cholera, as the hemorrhages in these cases are usually 

 the result of blood-vessel lesions rather than mucosa 

 lesions. 



Symptoms. The first evidence of intestinal hemor- 

 rhage is the passing of the blood from the anus. If the 

 discharged blood is thoroughly admixed with the feces 

 and of a brownish cast it indicates that the hemorrhage 

 has been well forward in the small intestine. If the 

 discharged blood occurs in masses, not mixed with the 

 fecal matter, and has the normal blood color, it indicates 

 that the hemorrhage has been in the anterior portion of 

 the large intestine; and if the fecal matter is streaked 

 with blood on the outer surface only, the hemorrhage 

 occurred in the rectum. The visible mucous membranes 

 will be pale, pulse rapid and almost imperceptible, and 

 there will be weakness associated with uncertain gait. 



Diagnosis. The diagnosis of enterorrhagia is usually 

 not difficult, although it may not be an easy matter to 

 determine the exact cause of the condition. In gastric 

 hemorrhage the extravasated blood that passes through 

 the bowel is granular and of a black color; the extravasate 

 from intestinal hemorrhage is massive, occurs upon the 

 surface of the feces, and is normal in color. 



Treatment. The treatment of intestinal hemorrhage 

 is problematic, and the relief from this condition is 

 dependent upon removing the cause, which is not always 

 possible. The affected animals should be kept quiet. 



