THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM 57 



the cells or between the cells as greenish-yellow amorphous 

 granules. 



Symptoms. The effects of icterus are variable. 

 The tissues are discolored; there may be pruritis, cardiac 

 depression, vomition, coma, and death. The symptoms 

 above outlined are probably not due to the presence of 

 the bile pigments in the tissue, but to other substances 

 that have not been eliminated. 



Treatment. Removal of the cause is usually all 

 that is required for complete recovery from icterus. If 

 the cause cannot be identified, then the symptoms should 

 be treated as they arise. 



Cloudy Swelling 



Cloudy swelling, or parenchymatous degeneration, is 

 a condition in which a portion of the cell protoplasm is 

 coagulated. This condition is very common. It is 

 frequently the forerunner of fatty changes. 



Etiology. Coagulation of portions of the cell proto- 

 plasm may be caused by high temperature, as is evidenced 

 in fever or overheat, or it may be caused by bacterial 

 products and other chemical poisons. 



Lesions. The affected liver is enlarged, paler in 

 color, and more friable than normal. 



Symptoms. The symptoms are usually associated 

 with those of other disturbances and are therefore not 

 specific. There is evidence of disturbed hepatic function, 

 and often a slight icterus and tendency to constipation. 



Treatment. To ascertain and then remove the 

 cause is of prime importance. This condition is corrected 

 only through the efforts of the body, therefore, provide 

 the proper diet and maintain sanitary conditions. 



Fatty Changes 



Fatty changes in the liver are of common occurrence 

 in swine. The usual change is first an accumulation of 

 fat droplets between the cells and later a fatty degenera- 

 tion of the cells. 



