78 SWINE DISEASES 



optic and olfactory nerves, of the cerebral meninges, and 

 of the brain itself. The usual lesions in the last-mentioned 

 structures consist of hemorrhages beneath the sheath of 

 the optic and olfactory nerves, congestion of the meninges, 

 and edema of the cerebral tissue proper. Various changes 

 may be observed in other internal organs as a result of 

 high temperature and possibly also of metastasis of the 

 infecting agent. 



Symptoms. High temperature and inappetence are 

 usually the first symptoms of the disease. Sneezing, 

 and vigorous rooting or rubbing the nose, are followed by 

 epistaxis, edema of the snout, and difficult breathing. 

 The affected animals may be blind in one or both eyes, 

 and if there is meningeal involvements the pigs will 

 evidence extreme excitement and finally die in a comatose 

 state. The disease may result fatally in a very short 

 time, its course in the most fatal epizootics being from 

 three to six days. A chronic or less fatal form has been 

 observed in which the course of the disease varies from 

 one week to several weeks, and some of the animals may 

 recover. 



Treatment. In the acute form of infectious nasal 

 catarrh treatment has not been successful. From the 

 experience of those veterinarians where this disease pre- 

 vails it seems best to recommend destruction of all affected 

 animals. An antitoxin may be prepared and used to 

 offset the injurious influences of the toxic substances 

 produced and eliminated by the Bacillus pyocyaneus. 

 Prophylactic sanitary measures should be instituted and 

 rigidly enforced on premises where this disease abounds. 



Tumors 



Various tumors have been observed in the nasal 

 cavity of swine or involving some related structure. 

 Almost all of these tumors have been of the benign type 

 and therefore interfere only mechanically. Pedunculated 

 fibromas are not so common in swine as in some other 

 animals. 



