THE URO-GENITAL SYSTEM 103 



Etiology. Chemical poison obtained in food, by- 

 products of infection, or destructive metabolism cause 

 renal congestion. Exposure and injury may also produce 

 this condition. 



Symptoms. Stiffness and a stilty gait due to 

 hypersensitiveness of the loins usually accompany con- 

 gestion. There is also frequent urination in which an 

 excessive quantity of urine is voided. 



Treatment. Remove the cause, give good food, 

 and provide sanitary surroundings. Alkaline diuretics 

 may be of value, and laxatives may also be used to 

 advantage. 



Nephritis 



It is not possible with the present available knowledge 

 to classify the inflammatory disturbances of the kidney 

 in a satisfactory manner. The principal knowledge of 

 porcine nephritis has been obtained from investigation 

 by veterinarians in food-inspection service. The con- 

 dition is rarely recognized clinically, or at least the 

 reports of clinical cases of nephritis in swine are very 

 rare. Urinalysis is not practiced systematically by 

 veterinarians, and the analysis of swine urine by prac- 

 titioners is practically an unheard-of procedure. Accord- 

 ing to the findings of the veterinary inspectors, porcine 

 nephritis is very common. In some instances nephritis 

 appears to be the only pathologic condition existing, but 

 it is also an accompanying pathologic factor in such 

 diseases as hog cholera, swine plague, septicemia, and 

 pneumonia. 



Acute Parenchymatous Nephritis 



This is an inflammation of the cells of the glomeruli 

 and convoluted tubules and is characterized by a rather 

 rapid onset, tumefaction, and frequently destruction of 

 the affected epithelium. 



Etiology. Exposure to cold and injuries of various 

 kinds predispose to this disease. The specific exciting 

 causes are usually chemical substances that are being 

 eliminated through the renal epithelium. Bacterial 



