110 SWINE DISEASES 



puncturing the ureters during operations, as in cesarean 

 section, may result in uremia. 



Lesions. No particular gross tissue changes are 

 attributed to uremia. The lesions found are those 

 incidental to the obstruction of the outflow of urine, as 

 calculi, tumors, and so on. 



Symptoms. Stupor, vertigo, emesis, inappetence, 

 diarrhea, clonic muscular spasms, and convulsions are 

 the principal symptoms of uremia. The disease, at 

 least in the acute form, is usually fatal. Chronic uremia 

 is associated with digestive derangements. 



Treatment. Removal of the cause is practically 

 always successful unless the case is too far advanced. 

 Therapeutic treatment is of no value. 



Parasites 



The cystic form of the Tsenia solium of man has been 

 observed in the kidney of swine, but is not of common 

 occurrence in that location. The cystic forms of the 

 tsenic echinococcus also occur in this organ. 



The Stephanurus dentatum is sometimes found in 

 the kidney structure, although it more commonly occurs 

 in the perirenal fat. 



Tumors 



The kidney of swine is affected with adenosarcoma. 

 In the living swine the presence of these tumors is not 

 suspected. They appear as irregular, incapsulated 

 masses, usually involving only one kidney, and in size 

 vary from five to fifteen pounds. Although they have 

 not been recognized clinically, their structure and appear- 

 ance evidence rapid growth. They have their origin in 

 the kidney substance near the pelvis, and the tumor 

 tissue produces pressure atrophy of the renal parenchyma. 

 The outline of the tumor is irregular and frequently 

 lobulated. On being sectioned, fibrous bands are found 

 extending in various directions and dividing the tumor 

 mass into lobes. The neoplastic tissue is of a white or 

 dirty-white color, but is often mottled, due to hemor- 



