LEAF INDEX. 



37 



CONE-BEARING TREES AND SHRUBS. 



Leaves very small, linear, needle-shaped, awl-shaped or scale- 

 like, mostly evergreen, in clusters, or in rows, or 

 scattered on the branches. 

 Needles in clusters of 2 or 3 or 5 each, trees. 



In clusters of 5, slender, length 3-5 in., a large tree, common 

 In clusters of 3, stout, length 3-5 in., rare tree, eastern. 

 In clusters of 2, 4-6 in. long, large tree, bark reddish. 

 In clusters of 2, stout and curved, about 1 in. long, 



northern tree. 

 , Needles in clusters of more than 5, soft and not evergreen. 



Needles all solitary, sessile, 4-sided, not flat, not 2-rowed. 

 Twigs downy, leaves dark or slightly glaucous, swamps. 

 Twigs smooth, leaves pale or glaucous, moist woods. 



Leaves all solitary, flattened, mostly 2-rowed on horizontal 



Apex rounded or obtuse, not prickly, paler beneath, trees. 



Leaves sessile, midrib dark beneath. 



Petiole distinct but short and oblique, very pale beneath. 



Apex very acute, dark green, not glaucous beneath, low 



shrub. 

 Leaves mostly in circles of 3, prickly pointed, pale above. 



Leaves either awl-shaped and opposite, or scale-like and 



shingled on twigs. 



Some leaves very prickly, twigs fine and 4-sided, stem erect. 

 See also (a straggling shrub on sandy shores, leaves as 



in last). 

 Twigs flat, leaves closely shingled, not prickly, swamps. 



.(Pines, Cedars, Spruces, etc.) 



(Pines) 



Pinus strobus 78a 



Pinus rigida 78b 



Pinus resinosa 78d 



Pinus Banksiana 78c 



Larix Americana 82a 



(Spruces) 



Picea nigra 79a 



Picea alba 79b 



twigs. 



Abies balsamea 81a 



Tsuga Canadensis 80a 



Taxus baccata 85a 



Juniperus communis 84a 



(Cedars) 



Juniperus Virginiana 84c 



Juniperus Sabina 84b 



Thuya occidentalis 83a 



