OUR NATIVE TREES AND SHRUBS. 41 



16b. Euonymus atropurpureus (Jacq.). Burning Bush. 



Larger than the last, becoming a small tree, and still more southern in 

 its habitat. Distinguished by its size, by the longer petioles or the 

 purple flowers. 



17a. Rhdmnus alnifolia (L'Her.). Buckthorn, 



Reported as common in swamps throughout our range, but I have not 

 seen it in Muskoka. The black fruit contains three seeds, and the 

 stems, in spite of the name, are quite unarmed. 



18a. Ceanothus Americdnus (L.). New Jersey Tea. Red-root. 



This shrub, famed as the tea of the Revolutionary armies in the 

 American War of Independence, is widely distributed with us. It is- 

 well marked by the three veins or "nerves" from the base of each 

 leaf and by the reddish root. I have noticed it in only one locality in 

 Muskoka. 



18b. Ceanothus ovdtus (Desf.). Smaller Red-root. 



Found with the same general range as the last, but much less common. 

 The leaves are smaller, smoother and less pointed, but marked by the 

 same peculiarity of veining. 



19a. Vltis cestivdlis (Michx.). Summer Grape. 



Found only near our southern limits, and known by the large blunt- 

 toothed leaves, which are often somewhat woolly. 



19b. Vltis Ripdria (Michx.). Riverside Grape. 



Common along streams and easily known by the sharp lobes and 

 teeth of the leaves. The fruit is quite edible in September. 



20a. Ampelopsis quinquefolia (Michx.). Virginia Creeper. 



Cultivated everywhere and growing native in moist woods throughout. 

 Sometimes avoided as Poison Ivy in spite of the obvious distinction 

 shown by its five, or rarely more, leaflets. 



21a. Acer Pennsylvdnicum (L.). Striped Maple. 



A pretty little tree, often called Dogwood or Moosewood. It is quite 

 common, at least in the northern districts, and is easily distinguished 

 by the striped bark and the large three-pointed leaves. 



21b. Acer spicdtum (Lam.). Mountain Maple, Shrub Maple. 



The smallest of our Maples and usually only a shrub growing in 

 clumps. The leaves are easily known by their peculiar wrinkled 

 appearance and are more downy than those of other species. The 

 bark is somewhat striped as in the last. 



21c. Acer saccharlnum (Wang.). Sugar Maple. Hard Maple. 



This is the Maple, well deserving its distinction as the emblem of 

 Canada. It is easily first for sugar, fuel, timber, beauty and shade. 

 A variety with dark rough bark and leaves less lobed while greener 

 and more downy beneath, is known as the Black Maple var. nigrum, 

 T. and G.). 



