OUR NATIVE TREES AND SHRUBS. 53 



43i. Vacciniiim oxycoccus (L.). Small Cranberry. 



Differs from the next chiefly in size, being smaller in every respect. 

 The leaves do not exceed in. in length and the whole stem is rarely 

 more than a foot long. Found in nearly the same localities as the next 

 and common around Muskoka lakes. 



43j. Faccinium macrocdrpon (Art.). Large Cranberry. 



A slender creeper in cold bogs. The reddish acid berries are much 

 esteemed for "cranberry sauce," and large quantities are imported 

 from the Eastern States for local use. They are brought to market by 

 Muskoka settlers, but not in large quantities. The delicate vines and 

 small revolute leaves are not likely to be mistaken for any other species 

 except the last. 



44a. Chiogenes hispidula (T. and G.). Creeping Snowberry. 



A very slender creeper found in swamps in the north. The small 

 leaves have the well-known flavor of wintergreen and the fruit is white. 

 Common in Muskoka marshes. 



45a. Arctostdphylos Uva- Ursi (Spreng). Bearberry. 



Common on northern islands and hillsides, where its trailing stems often 

 nearly cover the ground. The evergreen leaves are smooth and 

 leathery, and the red fruit grows in clusters at the ends of the twigs. 



46a. Epigma rkpens (L.). Trailing Arbutus. Mayflower. 



This pretty creeper, though, like the next, barely entitled to the name 

 of shrub, is admitted here partly on account of its historic fame and 

 wide popularity. It is found throughout northern Ontario, and is 

 abundant in Muskoka. The fragrant pink and white flowers with the 

 evergreen leaves make a favorite bouquet in early spring. 



47a. Gaultheria procumbens (L.). Wintergreen. 



Plentiful at least in eastern and northern Ontario, and well-known for 

 the bright-red aromatic berries that remain throughout the winter. 



48a. Andromeda polifolia (L.). Wild Rosemary. 



A marsh shrub, recognized by the narrow, revolute leaves, with the 

 lower surface very white. Plentiful in bogs. 



49a. Cassandra calyculdta (Don.). Leather-leaf. 



A leafy little shrub growing in very wet soil or in bogs. The leaves 

 decrease gradually in size towards the summit of the stems, and are 

 usually finely-toothed, mucronate, and more or less rusty beneath. 



oOa. Kdlmia angustifolia (L.). Sheep-laurel. 



Reported as common in northern swamps, but not seen in Muskoka. 



