60 SYLVAN ONTARIO. 



73h. Quercus coccinea (Willd.). Scarlet Oak. 



, Similar to the last, but confined to the south-west. The leaves have 

 usually fewer teeth on the lobes, with a somewhat shining surface, 

 especially above, while the cups of the fruit are less saucer-shaped, 

 covering about half of the acorn. A form of this species (var. tinctoria 

 Gray) has duller leaves, somewhat downy beneath, and still deeper 

 cups. 



73i. Quercus palustris (Du Roi). Swamp Oak. Pin Oak. 



A swamp tree with leaves very deeply lobed, smooth and shining on 

 the upper surface, the lobes mostly with several teeth. Like the last, 

 found only in the south-western peninsula. 



74a. Castdnea sativa (Mill), var. Americana (Michx.). Chestnut. 



A large tree of the south-west. The leaves resemble somewhat those 

 of the Beech, but are much longer, with sharp tapering teeth. 



75a Fagns ferrugmea (Ait.). Beech. Red Beech. 



Farmers distinguish two varieties of this tree, with white and red 

 woods, respectively, but the difference appears to be altogether de- 

 pendent upon soil and other conditions. It is easily known by the 

 smooth grey bark and spreading branches, with leaves toothed only at 

 the ends of the very straight and plain veins. 



76a. Sdlix nlgra (Marshall). Black Willow. 



The largest of our Willows, forming a small tree with dark brown bark. 

 The leaves are nearly smooth and green on both sides, with petioles 

 usually less than one-half inch, and the base not at all cordate. Not 

 very common, and probably displaced in many districts by the next 

 species. A variety with long and narrow leaves (possibly var. falcata 

 Torr.) grows along Sparrow Lake in southern Musk oka. 



76b. Sdlix amygdaloides (Anders). Peach-leaved Willow. 



In Ontario this rather handsome tree appears to be commonly mistaken 

 for the last species, which it resembles closely in flower and fruit as 

 well as in the appearance of the bark and twigs. The leaves, however, 

 are distinctly glaucous beneath, quite broad at the base, with long- 

 tapering apex and with slender petioles, often nearly an inch in length 

 when fully grown. Although satisfied for some years as to the identity 

 of this species, I was unable to find any mention of its occurrence in 

 this Province, and finally, in the spring of 1900, appealed to Professor 

 Macoun, who determined my specimens as above, adding that it had 

 not been reported previously. Since then Professor Macoun lias sought 

 and found this species in the east, and I have noticed it in various 

 places throughout northern and central Ontario, where it seems to be 

 rather common. 



