



i-ith.-r equation B t or equation C l will give the pressure as 14.6967 



}>ounds JKT >quare inch. Tin- >j*-i UK \ulum<- by aid of equation on page 



inn equation B, for determining the differential coefficient, is j 



thr differential < oriVu imt from equation C l give* 26.71; the dis- 



crepancy is about iAo; or if the .'*. U- taken as the probable 



:uted value is subjei t to an error of Ao. 



Quality or Dryness Factor. All t of saturated steam, 



such as pressure, volume. and ::. .1- .. ition, dejx-nd on lh 



. and are <i le either by li: rinu-nt or by 



nation, and an- tommonly taken from tables calculated for the 



purpose. 



M.IM. of : . ;.r.>Mrms mrt in rn^infi-rin^ <li-al with mixtures of 1: 

 ami va|K>r, >uch as water and steam. In siu h prohlrmt it is convenient 

 rornt the pro)M>rtions of water and >team by a variable known as 

 the drynesv : ii> factor, x. i> defined as that portion 



of each pound of the mixture which is steam; the remnant, i - 



<-<|iiently wa 1 



Specific Volume of Wet Steam. If a pound of a homogeneous mixture 

 of water and steam is x part steam, then the specific volume may be 

 represented by 



V - XS + (I - X) <T - .VII + 9 



where u i> the increase of volume due to va|K>ri/.ation. 



Intrinsic Energy. It has been shown that the heat of vaporization 



can be broken into the two parts A pu and p, the first being required 



to do external work and the second internal work; the latter part together 



with the heat of the liquid form the heat equivalent of the intrinsic 



rgj -o that 



or if only x part is vaporized 



- 



Entropy. - In the discussion of steam engines or other heat engines, 



-enient to begin by considering the way in which steam (or 



other working substance) would behave if the cylinder were made of non- 



conducting material. Afterwards the effect of the actual material can 



