xiv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. 



FIG. PAGB 



47. Diagram of Circulation established by an Open Fireplace . . .61 



48. Candle in a Flask 61 



49. Candle in a Wide Cylinder 62 



50. Tobin Ventilation 62 



51. Arrangement for Warming Incoming Air 62 



52. Calorimeter 67 



53. Eegnault's Apparatus for the Determination of Specific Heat of Solids . 68 



54. Eegnault's Apparatus for the Determination of Specific Heat of Liquids . 69 



55. Begnault's Apparatus for the Determination of Specific Heat of Gases . 71 



56. Bnnsen's Ice Calorimeter 73 



57. Joly's Steam Calorimeter 74 



58. Joly's Differential Steam Calorimeter 75 



59. CaUendar- Barnes Electric Heating Method of Determining the Specific 



Heat of Water 79 



60. Diagram of Results of Different Experiments on Specific Heat of Water . 80 



61. Experiment Illustrating that Liquids are Bad Conductors .... 91 



62. Low Conducting Power of a Fibrous Solid 92 



63. Principle of the Safety Lamp 92 



64. Illustrating Definition of Conductivity 93 



65. Ingenhousz's Apparatus for Illustrating Diffusivity ..... 94 



66. Despretz's Bar Experiments on Conductivity of Metals .... 96 



67. Diagram of Temperature Curve .... .... 97 



68. Forbes's Bar Experiment 98 



69. Diagram of Conductivity in Crystals 101 



70. Lees's Disc Experiments on Conductivity ....... 102 



71. Lees's Disc Experiments on Liquids 104 



72. Diagram Illustrating Strain Energy - . 112 



73. Joule's Expansion of Air Apparatus 120 



74. Modified Form of Joule's Apparatus 120 



75. Joule's Water Churning Apparatus for Determining the Mechanical 



Equivalent of Heat 122 



76. Diagram Illustrating the Kinetic Theory of Liquid Viscosity . . . 132 



77. Diagram Illustrating the Kinetic Theory of Gas Viscosity .... 145 



78. Diagram Illustrating the Kinetic Theory of Gas Conductivity . . . 149 



79. Crookes's Radiometer ... 150 



80. Diagram Illustrating the Explanation of the Radiometer .... 150 



81. Diagram Illustrating the Explanation of the Radiometer . . . . 151 



82. The Dust-Free Space above a Hot Wire 152 



83. The Diminution of Path in Molecular Collision 153 



84. Barometers with Water above the Mercury 158 



85. Barometer with Water above the Mercury surrounded by Heating Bath . 158 



86. Evaporation into an Air Space 160 



86a. Apparatus for Distillation 161 



87. Diagram Illustrating Kinetic Theory of Increase of Vapour Pressure with 



Temperature 162 



88. Apparatus used in Demonstrating that Vapour Pressure equals Atmos- 



pheric Pressure at Boiling-Point 163 



89. Apparatus Illustrating Reduction of Boiling-Point by Reduction of Pressure 161 



90. Boiling Water by Cooling it 164 



91. The Formation of a Drop 165 



92. Diagram illustrating Relation between Volume and Pressure of Gas con- 



tained in a Bubble in a Liquid 167 



93. Diagram illustrating Relation between Volume and External Pressure on 



a Bubble 167 



94. Apparatus for obtaining a Dust-Free Space 168 



95. Apparatus for Researches on Vapour Pressure of Water .... 172 



96. Apparatus for Researches on Vapour Pressure of Ice 173 



97. Diagram of ^JTater Vapour Pressure and Ice Vapour Pressure . . . 174 



98. Dynamical, or Boiling-Point Method of Determining Vapour Pressure of 



Water above 50" 174 



99. Apparatus for Determination of Boiling-Points ...... 175 



100. Vapour-Density Bulb. Dumas' Method 176 



