LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. xv 



FIG. PAOE 



101. Gay-Lussac and Hoffmann's Method for Vapour- Density Determination . 176 



102. Victor Meyer's Method for Vapour-Density Determination . . . . 177 



103. Principle of Determination of Density of Saturated Vapour . . . 178 



104. Apparatus for Eough Determination of Latent Heat ..... 179 



105. Berthelot's Apparatus for Latent Heat 180 



106. Illustrating the Spheroidal State 183 



107. Spheroidal State of Drops of Alcohol 184 



108. Indicator Diagram for Water Steam 185 



109. Indicator Diagram showing Prolongations for Water and Steam . . 187 



110. Continuous Form of Isothermal 188 



111. Andrews' Tube for Experiments on Carbon Dioxide 189 



112. Diagram of Andrews' Compression Apparatus . . . . . . 189 



113. Diagram showing Isothermals for Carbon Dioxide 190 



114. Diagram showing Continuous Paths from Gas to Liquid .... 191 



115. Diagram showing Isothermals as given by Van der Waals' Equation . . 194 



116. Dewar's Vacuum Vessel 198 



117. Diagram of Regenerator Process for Liquefying Gases .... 198 



118. Bunsen's Apparatus for Determining Raising of Melting-Point by Pressure 204 



119. Melting-Point Apparatus 204 



120. Ideal Experiment Illustrating Nature of Melting ..... 206 



121. Ice and Water Isothermals 207 



122. Regnault's Dew- Point Hygrometer 210 



123. Dines's Hygrometer . , 210 



124. Wet and Dry Bulb Hygrometer 211 



125. Chemical Method for Determining Dew Point 213 



126. Diagram of Mixture of Equal Masses of Unsaturated Air at Different 



Temperatures 215 



127. Cumulus on Horizontal Base of Cloud 217 



128. Thermopile 221 



129. Radio-Micrometer 221 



130. Bolometer 222 



131. Proof of the Law of Inverse Squares 223 



132. Radiation spread out into Spectrum . 224 



133. Leslie's Comparison of Emissive Powers 226 



' 134. Diagram illustrating Langley's Method of separating Spectra of different 



orders 227 



135. Leslie's Comparison of Reflecting Powers 230 



136. Melloni's Method of Determining Diffusion 231 



137. Apparatus for Demonstrating the Relation between Absorbing and Radia- 



ting Powers 232 



138. Tyndall's Experiment on Emission and Absorption of Gases . . . 234 



139. Effect of the Medium on Radiation 241 



140 (A and B) Diagrams illustrating Variation of Rate of Radiation with 



Temperature 244 



141. Dulong and Petit's Cooling in Vacuo 246 



142. Radiation Curves broken up into Cooling Curves ' 247 



143. Radiation Curves for Spectrum at two Different Temperatures ... 250 



144. Pouillet's Pyrheliometer 251 



145. Violle's Actinometer 253 



146. Langley's Curves of Solar Radiation 254 



147. Indicator Diagram 258 



148. Work done by a Body in Expansion 259 



149. Work done in a Cycle 260 



150. Carnot's Engine 262 



151. Carnot's Cycle 263 



152. Indicator Diagram representing Carnot Cycle for a Reversible Engine . 266 



153. Equal Temperature Intervals on the Work Scale 266 



154. Equal Temperature Intervals on the Work Scale 267 



155. Diagram of Comparison of the Absolute with the Air Thermometer Scale 269 



156. Representation of a Reversible Cycle of any Form 272 



157. Gain in Entropy Independent of Path on Diagram ..... 274 



158. Entropy-Temperature Diagram 275 



