EXPANSION OF LIQUIDS. 



below the temperature of maximum density ; the communication is cut off 

 at P, the contents are stirred, and the temperature of each cylinder read. 

 Communication is then made at P, and when the disturbance has subsided, 



t' 



Temperature 



FlG. 30. Density-Temperature Curve of Water. 



the direction of flow is ascertained by the motion of the glass bulb along T. 

 It will evidently take place, below, from the heavier to the lighter, 



10400 



10300 



Magnified 

 five times 



10200 



10100 



10000 



4 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 

 FIG. 31. Curve of Expansion of Water vol. 10,000 at 4 0. 



and above from the lighter to the heavier column. If, for instance, the 

 warmer cylinder has temperature t, the colder temperature t' and the 

 flow through the trough is from colder to warmer, the colder is less 



