174 THE DEVIL AND TOBACCO. 



of the Elizabethan age. It contains many references to 

 tobacco. In 'Act IV., Scene 1st,' the characters are thus 

 placed: 'Sir Rodericke and Prodigo at one corner of the 

 stage, Recorder and Amaretto at the other. Two pages 

 scouring of Tobacco pipes.' Actual smoking from tobacco- 

 pipes was introduced on the stage afterwards ; and instances 

 from the early dramas have been given by the writers on 

 tobacco history. In the second scene of Act III. smoking is 

 alluded to as one of the marks of the current man of fashion, 

 and is coupled with that of wearing love-locks, which was to 

 prove such a scandal to the Puritans. * He gins to follow 

 fashions. He wore thin sireduelt in a srnooky roofe, must 

 take tobacco and must weare a locke.' ' Work for Chimney 

 Sweepers, or a Warning against Tobacconists, by J. H.,' was 

 published in quarto in the year 1602. 



"It was answered in the same year by the anonymous 



* Defence of Tobacco,' a quarto of seventy pages.* The 

 author of the attack followed the line of King James, or, I 

 should rather say, showed him the line to take, for the 

 King's ' Counterblast ' did not appear until he had been King 

 of England for some years. The book is divided into sec- 

 tions, each section being called 'A Reason.' The seventh 



* Reason ' against the use of tobacco is, that the devil is the 

 discoverer and suggester of smoking. * It was first used and 

 practised,' says J. H., ' by devils, priests, and, therefore, not 

 to be used by us Christians. That the devil was the first 

 author hereof. Monardus, in his ' Treatise of Tabaco,' dooth 

 sufficiently witnesse, saying: The Indian priests, who, no 

 doubt, were instruments of the devil, whom they serve, even 

 before they answer to questions propounded to them by their 

 princes, drinke of this tobacco -fu in e, with the vigour and 

 strength whereof they fall suddenly to the ground as dead 

 men, remaining so according to the quantity of smoke that 

 they had taken. And when the hearbe hath done his worke, 

 they revive and wake, giving answers according to the vissiona 

 and illusions which they saw while they were wrapt in that 

 order.' It is not unlikely that J. II. 's authority had con- 

 fused opium with tobacco. 



u It was the opinion of the age that every Pagan deity had 

 a real existence in the world of evil spirits. After further 

 quotations of Monardus, to prove that the devil is 'the 

 author of Tobacco, and of the knowledge thereof,' J. H. 

 concludes his seventh reason by declaring, 'Wherefore in 

 mine opinion this practice is more to bo excluded of us 



