PAINTING. 249 



"The black paint was oftentimes almost unbroken, or at 

 least, very slightly cracked. When the paint was brushed off, 

 the pit would be disclosed, considerably smaller in area than 

 the surface covered by the blister. The surface of the metal 

 in the pit was perfectly bright and clean, and its fibre was 

 clearly discernible. 



"Many of these pits were more than \ in. in depth. They 

 were slightly more numerous in the West Bluff stand-pipe, 

 and were in both generally larger and deeper on the lower 

 courses of the vertical shell. . . . The East Bluff stand-pipe 

 was distant about 60 ft. from the street-railway line on Bour- 

 land Street. The West Bluff stand-pipe was about 700 ft. dis- 

 tant from the railway line on Knoxville Avenue. Both stand- 

 pipes were more than a mile from the power-station, and were 

 negative to the rails. The electrical examination relative to 

 the stand-pipes was conducted mainly at the East Bluff stand- 

 pipe, which was still in service. A flow of a part of the cur- 

 rent from the railway line was clearly traced through the earth 

 to the anchor-bolts which held the stand-pipe to its founda- 

 tions, up these bolts and into the steel of the shell, and 

 through the shell and from its inner surface to the projecting 

 section of the i6-in. flanged cast-iron pipe which served as 

 both inlet and outlet, and which connected the stand-pipe to 

 the water-mains. The current was then traced along this 

 pipe and along the mains to the power-station. The deflec- 

 tion of the volt-meter needle was clearly traced to the rail- 

 way current, being especially influenced by the one or two 

 cars on the line beyond the stand-pipe on Knoxville Avenue, 

 and when the cars stopped running at night, the movement 

 of the needle ceased. Where the current left the inner sur- 

 face of the shell to pass through the water of the inlet-pipe it 

 made the pits already described. These stand-pipes and 

 the inlet-pipes were negative to the rails, and are striking ex- 

 amples of electrolytic pitting under such conditions." 



