154 



Trees, Stars, and Birds 



FIG. 06. 



U. S. Forest Service 

 River birch. 



U. S. Forest Service 

 FIG. 107. Cottonwood. 



C. Pores minute or indistinct, evenly distributed. 



1. Broad pith rays present. 



a. Pith rays numerous and crowded, and all or 

 most of -them broad; wood whitish or 

 light brown; springwood not distinct 

 from summerwood of the same year; 

 moderately heavy; cross-grained and 

 difficult to split . . . . . SYCAMORE 

 b. Pith rays not crowded and only part of 

 them broad; summerwood distinct from 

 springwood ; wood heavy and hard ; white, 

 reddish white, or reddish . . . BEECH 



2. Pith rays all small but distinct without a magni- 



fier. 



a. Wood hard ; color reddish white ; sapwood 



wide . MAPLE 



b. Wood hard ; white ; sapwood wide HOLLY 



