Index 



403 



Sapsucker, 366-367, PL XIII. 



Sash, cypress, 120. 



Sassafras, wood, 150. 



Satellites, 165, 246; of Jupiter, 248; 

 of Mars, 242; of Saturn, 250; 

 Uranus, 252. 



Saturn, 249-251*. 



Scale insects, 278*, 342, 343, 346. 



Seeds, dispersed by wind, 32. 



Sense of direction, 304-305. 



Sepal, 70*. 



Separatory layer, 68. 



Sequoia, 116* 120. 



Seven Sisters, 203-204. 



Shadow, made by the earth, 231*; by 

 the moon, 221*. 



Shapes of trees, 46. 



Shingles, birch bark, 34; cypress, 120. 



Ships, oak, 95. 



Shoe lasts, maple, 28. 



Shoe pegs, maple, 28; birch, 35. 



Shoes, birch, 35 ; linden, 60. 



Shooting stars, 254-259. 



Shore birds, 381-385. 



Shrike, 308, 310-311*, PL VII. 



Shrubs for birds, 391-392. 



Sickle, 209. 



Siding, tulip, 104. 



Signs of the zodiac, 210. 



Sills, cedar, 112. 



Silos, cypress, 120. 



Sirius, the Dog Star, 2os*-2o6. 



Size of distant objects, how determined, 

 215-216*. 



Sleigh runners, elm, 40. 



Snakes, 367, 388. 



Snipe, 383. 



Snow bird, 326. 



Snow bunting, 326-327. 



Snowflake, 326-327. 



Soil for trees, 134-138. 



Solar system, 165, 197. 



Song birds, 349. 



Soot, for printer's ink, 35 ; killing trees, 

 40. 



Sora, or Carolina rail, 385-386*. 



Sounding boards, spruce, 104, 123. 



Spanish moss, 97*. 



Span worms, 379. 



Sparrow, 32o*~325*, PL VIII; Eng- 

 lish, 311, 321, 373, 391, 394, PL VIII. 



Species, 282. 



Spectroscope, 199, 208. 



Sphinx, catalpa, 87. 



Spools, birch, 35. 



Spoo'ns, birch, 35. 



Spraying, 87, 140-141. 



Spruce, 33, 34, 82, 108*, 122-123*; 



cones, 108*, 123; kinds, 122; wood, 



46, 104, no, 123. 

 Squash bugs, 357. 

 Stamen, 70*. 

 Starch, 12, 26, 72, 73. 

 Starling, 348*. 

 Stars, binary, 173*, 207-208; books 



on, 264; brightness, 177, 205-206, 



207; distance, 170*, 171, 192, 200, 



205, 209; double, 173*, 207-208; 

 families, 210; how to study, 162- 

 163, 181 ; light, 179, 192, 200, 205, 

 209, 212, 214; magnitude, 177; 

 maps, 181, i82*-i89*; motion, 178- 

 179, 181, 190, 196, 199, 200, 210; 

 names, 176, 178; new, 199; num- 

 ber, 177, 178; shooting, 254-259; 

 showers, 257-259; size, 199, 200, 



206, 209; twinkling, 179; variable, 

 198-199; what they are, 164. 



Stigma, 70*. 



Stipule, 64*. 



Stone cells, 92. 



Structure of wood, 14*. 



Study of stars, 162, 163. 



Sugar, 23-27. 



Sugar bush and camp, 24. 



Sun, 165, 209, 214-222 ; appearance, 

 216-217; density, 216; dimensions. 

 214-215; distance, 169, 218; 

 eclipses, 219-221*; intensity of 

 light, 214; material, 216; motion, 

 197, 210; size, 214-215; spots, 



2l7*-2l8. 



Support for trees, 136*, 143*. 

 Surveyor's method of finding distance, 



167-168*; finding size, 215-216*. 

 Swallow, 3i3*-3i7, 355, PL VII. 

 Swan, the constellation, 196-197*. 

 Swift, 317, 353, 355-356, 358. 

 Sycamore, frontispiece, 62-63, 120; 



wood, 63, 99, 152*, 154. ^ 



Tables, birch, 35. 



Tadpole, 114. 



Talon, 371. 



Tanager, 318-319*, PL I. 



Tangential section, 99, 100. 



Tanks, cypress, 120. 



Tanning, 34, 94, 97. 



Tar, coal or gas, 139, 143 ; pine, 127. 



Taurus, the Bull, 204. 



Teacher bird, 301. 



Teeter-tail, 384*. 



Telephone poles, arbor vitae, 114. 



Tent caterpillars, 303, 370. 



