22 THE PHYSICAL KINSHIP 



It is, at least, interesting that the orang and 

 gibbon, who live in Asia and its islands, where 

 the brachycephalic races of men supposedly arose, 

 are themselves brachycephalic ; and that the 

 gorilla and chimpanzee, who live in Africa, where 

 the dolichocephalic races chiefly live, are dolicho- 

 cephalic. The gorilla and chimpanzee also have, 

 like the men and women of Africa, black skin and 

 hair; while the hair of the orang is a reddish- 

 brown, and its skin sometimes yellowish-white. 

 The dentition of the anthropoids and men is in 

 all essentials identical. They all have two sets of 

 teeth : a set of milk-teeth, twenty in number, and 

 thirty-two permanent teeth, the permanents con- 

 sisting of two incisors, one canine, two premolars, 

 and three molars, in each half-jaw. Man has 

 ordinarily twelve pairs of ribs and thirty-two 

 vertebrae. So has the orang. The other anthro- 

 poids have thirteen pairs of ribs. But the number 

 of ribs in both human and anthropoid beings is 

 not uniform, man occasionally having thirteen 

 pairs, and the gorilla fourteen. Man has also the 

 same number of caudal vertebrae in his rudimentary 

 tail as the anthropoid has. The hands and feet 

 of anthropoids, bone for bone and muscle for 

 muscle, correspond with those of men, no greater 

 structural differences existing than among different 

 species of men. The human foot has three muscles 

 not found in the human hand a short flexor 

 muscle, a short extensor muscle, and a long 

 muscle extending from the fibula to the foot. 

 All of these muscles are found in the anthropoid 



