198 THE PSYCHICAL KINSHIP 



back (fish) knows the way back to his nest, although 

 he has been absent several hours. Fishes return 

 and hatch their young year after year in the same 

 waters; birds come back to their old nesting- 

 places ; and horses remember their way along 

 devious roads over which they have not been for 

 years. Horses used in the delivery of milk, or in 

 other occupations in which they are accustomed 

 to travel daily over about the same route, come in 

 time to remember every alley, street, and stopping- 

 place of the whole round almost as accurately 

 as their drivers. Darwin's dog remembered and 

 obeyed him after an absence of five years. The 

 power of dogs, squirrels, and other animals of 

 remembering where they have long before cached 

 food is indeed wonderful. A squirrel will come 

 down out of a tree when the earth is covered to 

 a depth of several inches with lately fallen snow 

 and hop away, without the slightest hesitancy or 

 mistake, to the exact spot where it has months 

 before stored its mid-winter acorns. A lion has 

 been known to recognise its keeper after seven 

 years of separation, and an elephant obeyed all 

 his old words of command on being recaptured 

 after fifteen years of jungle life. The similarity of 

 memory in other animals to the same faculty in 

 man is shown by the fact that memory everywhere 

 is governed by the same laws. In all animals, 

 including man, memory is strengthened by repe- 

 tition that is, impressions are always deepened 

 and confirmed by being made over and over. A 

 parrot or a raven masters a new sentence by 



