70 VETERINAin' DENTAL SURGERT. 



the drain on the permanent tooth pulps, which are 

 all the better able to supply cement for the roots of 

 the permanent teeth. The scarcity of cement on the 

 crowns of milk teeth is probably owing to the fact 

 that they had no cement to absorb. The evil of ex- 

 tracting healthy milk teeth is obvious." The ele- 

 vator is a very handy instrument for removing the 

 caps or deciduous molars when they once become 

 loosened. Just insert the bent portion between the 

 cap and permanent tooth and by giving it a sudden 

 twist the separation is easily effected. 



The practice of extracting incisor teeth is some- 

 times resorted to by unscrupulous dealers who wish 

 to make their horses appear older than they really 

 are. After the teeth have been extracted the mouth 

 has somewhat the appearance of having shed those 

 teeth in the natural way. This deception when prac- 

 ticed, is easily detected by any one who is acquainted 

 with the mouth in its natural condition. Unless the 

 temporary tooth has been removed by artificial means, 

 the permanent will make its appearance before it (the 

 temporary) is shed. 



Cattle frequently suffer from the cutting of the 

 teeth, as well as the horse. There will be loss of 

 appetite, redness and heat of the mouth, the gums 

 will become swollen, tumefied and very painful to 

 the touch; the head hangs down and there will be a 

 discharge from the eyes and nose, with alternate con- 



