VETERINARY DENTAL SURGERT. 177 



arise from or cause indigestion, induce colic, tend to 

 lower condition and to depress the vital powers. 



A crib-biter seizes the manger or some other 

 fixture the collar-shank when nothing else can be 

 taken hold of with his teeth, arches his neck and 

 makes a belching noise. After a time the abdomen 

 becomes evidently enlarged. Many crib-biters thrive 

 moderately well, whilst others are always unthrifty, 

 dry in the coat and hide-bound. Some practitioners 

 maintain that air is swallowed during the act, whilst 

 others state that gas is expelled from the stomach, 

 and that the continual belching or eructation causes 

 further derangement of the stomach, the increased 

 formation of gases and the consequent tympanitis. I 

 was at first disposed to think that the first opinion 

 was the correct one, as it is quite possible for air 

 mixed with saliva to be swallowed, but further 

 experience inclines me to the latter; namely, that 

 gases are expelled, and that increased disorder of the 

 stomach are induced by the habit. A chronic crib- 

 biter may be easily recognized by the appearance of 

 the incisor teeth which are worn and rounded at their 

 anterior borders, and by an enlarged or hypertrophied 

 condition of the muscles which depress the jaw, the 

 sterno-maxillaris, stylo maxillaris, etc., and generally 

 by the mark of a strap on the neck. 



A wind-sucker smacks his lips, gathers air into his 

 mouth, extends his head, or presses it against some 



