The Blood and Lymph. 101 



they are close to, the radials give off the metacarpals at 

 the fetlock, which divide into branches and thus supply 

 the forefeet with blood. 



The posterior aorta is directed backwards and upwards 

 and runs along underneath the backbone until it reaches 

 the loins, where it divides into two trunks, one to each 

 hind limb. Before reaching the loins it has given off a 

 number of branches to supply the stomach, intestines, 

 liver, kidneys and the reproductive organs. Each trunk 

 is known as an iliac, these being continued as feniorals, 

 then as tibials and later as metatarsals, small branches 

 being given off quite frequently. The latter (metatar- 

 sals) are peculiar inasmuch as they are found on the 

 outer sides of the hind cannons, and are sometimes cut, 

 on plow shares, wire fencing, etc. It has been stated 

 that as a rule arteries are deep seated to be out of the 

 way of injury. The metatarsals at the hind fetlock 

 divide up and from them blood is supplied to the hind 

 feet in a similar manner to that supplied to the fore feet 

 by the continuations (branchings) of the metacarpals. 



The Veins. The main difference between arteries and 

 veins are in their construction and work. Veins are 

 usually in twos, deep and superficial, the former with an 

 artery. In the veins of the limbs are found valves which 

 prevent the passage backwards of the blood. It is often 

 a question when blood is coming from a wound as to 

 whether that blood is from a vein or from an artery, if 

 from an artery the blood comes in spurts (jerks), when 

 from a vein, it flows. The vein carrying blood from the 

 lungs (pulmonary vein) is an exception to the rest inas- 

 much as it carries purified blood. Most veins start in 



