The Common Farm Operations. 195 



a rule by the formation of pus; in this form lymph is 

 thrown out, it accumulates, blood vessels form in it, cells 

 cluster around the vessels constituting granulation tissue; 

 the upper layer of lymph cells is destroyed and thrown 

 off as pus, it has, however, served to protect the deeper 

 layers which form a tissue resembling that of the part, 

 gradually the discharge of pus ceases, a new surface (the 

 scar), white in color, is formed, which gradually disap- 

 pears and the wound is said to be healed. If the inflam- 

 mation in a wound is unchecked, or there is lack of 

 pressure, the small vessels, capillary loops, become dis- 

 tended with blood and constitute what is known by every 

 one as proud flesh (granulation tissue). Two other 

 methods of healing are by union of two granulating sur- 

 faces, and under a scab. All wounds heal essentially in 

 the same manner, viz., by the growth and organization 

 of new tissue from the already existing older tissue of 

 the parts. 



The general treatment of wounds may be briefly stated 

 as follows: First to stop the bleeding and remove any 

 foreign substance, such as dirt; second, to protect from 

 germs; third, to bring the parts as closely together as 

 possible, keep down excessive inflammation, and prevent 

 the accumulation of discharges. A wound is said to be 

 healthy when it looks like a clean cut; unhealthy when 

 it is pale, covered with pus, small clots of blood or proud 

 flesh; inflamed or angry when hot and of a dark red 

 color; indolent when the process of healing seems stopped 

 before the proper time, e. g. , a sitfast. It may be stated 

 as a general rule that if a wound continues dry, and not 

 ill-smelling, looks healthy, etc., that it should not be 



