244 Veterinary Elements. 



click, once in place it is best retained there by keeping 

 the limb well forward by means of a sideline and by the 

 use of a stifle shoe (a shoe with a piece of iron project- 

 ing in front four or five inches) on the foot of the affected 

 limb. A smart blister, cantharides (Spanish fly) one 

 part to clean sweet lard six parts, applied twice, at an 

 interval of two weeks, will assist in repairing the injury. 

 That the animal should be rested during the treatment 

 every sensible person will understand ; treatment in these 

 cases should be prompt. 



When the lesion occurs the limb affected is stiff, nailed 

 to the ground as it were, kept out behind the body, and 

 if made to move is dragged with the toe down, the wall 

 and even the front of the pastern may be on the ground, 

 the animal moves with very great difficulty. 



Spavin is the bane of horse flesh and horsemen, and 

 while of two kinds, (a) bone spavin, affecting the bones 

 of the hock, and (&) bog spavin, affecting the bursse of 

 the joint and adjacent structures, there is little differ- 

 ence as to the serious nature of either trouble, owing to 

 the difficulty in curing either form of spavin. 



Bone spavin (jack) is a disease of the bones of the hock 

 joint, an inflammation of the articular (joint) surface, 

 as a result of which marked lameness is usually shown, 

 following which a bony enlargement is thrown out at the 

 lower part of the internal side of the hock joint 5 the re- 

 sult of this disease is often stiffening of the joint. The 

 more serious bone spavins are those affecting the upper 

 row of hock bones, situated towards the front of the joint, 

 and affecting animals over six years old. Coarse hocks 

 may exist, and if no lameness and both are alike should 

 not be condemned, The causes of spavin are bad con- 



