BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 113 



Always draw on the finished side of the paper, particularly if 

 it is cartridge paper or hand-made paper. Pin the sheet to the board 

 with the left hand edge about 2 inches from the edge of the drawing- 

 board. Square the top or bottom of the sheet with the tee-square, 

 after having pinned the top left-hand corner, holding the sheet by 

 the right-hand lower corner to square it. Afterwards pin down the 

 remaining corners without twisting the sheet. Use the tee-square 

 with the left hand, keeping the stock close to the edge of the draw- 

 ing-board. 



The plans and elevations should be equally and neatly distri- 

 buted over the sheet. Always start by drawing the scale a few 

 inches from the bottom edge of the sheet, as a drawing is useless 

 without its scale. Assuming that the plan to be made is that of 

 an existing building which has been surveyed, start by laying down 

 the ground floor plan, setting off the lengths of each line by means 

 of the scale and dividers. 



Drawings of old or new work should never be " inked-in " till 

 they are found to be correct, nor till a definite decision has been 

 come to as to the work which is to be done at the building. 



Unless plans are for contract purposes or to be kept for record, 

 it is not necessary to have them " inked-in." 



Sketch plans of alterations should not be drawn directly upon the 

 paper survey plan, but worked up on cheap, thin tracing paper or 

 bank-note paper already referred to. This paper should be pinned 

 over the survey plan, and alterations drawn on the tracing paper, 

 along with the walls and partitions which are not to be altered. 

 By this method alternative plans of alteration can be roughly shown, 

 and when the selected method of alteration has been decided upon, 

 the actual work can then be shown upon the paper plans. 



In preparing plans for alterations it is a good practice to " ink- 

 in " with light vermillion or crimson ink all the existing work, but 

 in any case the walls and partitions at and surrounding the part to 

 be altered. After the alterations are drawn, they should be tinted 

 with colours to represent the various materials to be used, the red 

 lines remaining and indicating the parts to be removed. The old 

 walls and partitions which are to remain should thereafter be inked 

 in or pencilled over with black, and filled in with grey colour. Old 

 floors should not be tinted, but the new floors or repairs to flooring 

 should receive a light wash of raw sienna. Beams should be drawn 

 neatly with Prussian blue ink, and other new work tinted as in- 

 dicated in the foregoing list. 



Another method of showing alterations is to draw the new 

 work on a separate sheet of paper, afterwards cutting it out neatly 

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