118 VETERINARY HYGIENE 



must be given to the distances not being too great, other- 

 wise the workers might be reluctant to turn out at night 

 or in bad weather to give the animals the required 

 attention. 



The farmhouse should in no case be placed to the leeward 

 side of the steading or farm buildings, in relation to the 

 prevailing winds. Attention to this point tends to pre- 

 vent flies and smells from the manure heap being blown 

 towards the dwelling-house. 



(2) The arrangement of a group of buildings should be such 



as will admit of the free passage of sunlight and air, 

 and ensure economy of labour in the tending and feeding 

 of the animals. The outstanding bad feature of most 

 farms is that the buildings have been added to from 

 time to time on no definite plan, as occasion seemed to 

 demand, resulting in many cases in a hopeless muddle 

 which involves labour and running about out of all 

 proportion to the capacity of the farm. 



(3) The court formed by a group of farm buildings, in any 



of which buildings animals are housed, should be so 

 proportioned that the least dimension of the court's sur- 

 face shall not be less than twice the height above the 

 ground of the ridge of the highest building forming the 

 group. From this it should not be assumed that all 

 farm buildings ought to be grouped to form a court- 

 yard, but there is no objection to a quadrangle if the 

 area is great enough to give plenty of ventilation. The 

 rule given above would work out at a quadrangle 

 measuring 36 feet in its least dimension if the highest 

 building measures 18 feet from the ground to the ridge. 

 An example of a new farm steading embodying desirable con- 

 ditions is shown on the plan in figure 48. This plan should be care- 

 fully studied, as it incorporates nearly all the points considered 

 desirable for a farm in northerly latitudes. 



It will be seen that the main buildings are arranged to form 

 three sides of an open court, facing approximately south-west. By 

 this arrangement the front of all the buildings receive any sunshine 

 for part or whole of the day, whilst the animal buildings are pro- 

 tected from the cold and damp east winds which would be prevalent 

 on east coast holdings. 



