138 



VETERINARY HYGIENE 



Stretcher. A brick laid on its bed with its greatest dimension 

 parallel with the face of the wall. 



Header. A brick laid on its bed with its width parallel with the 



FIG. 52. A 14 inch thick wall in Garden bond showing a hinged door with 



frame in check and a square external angle to the wall. 

 In the figures 50-52, H is a header, S a stretcher, and C a closer. 



face of the wall and acting as an inbond. 



Closer. The result of splitting a brick in half longitudinally. 

 Used at the ends or corners of walls for the purpose of preserving 

 the bond, see figures 50-52. 



Bat. A portion of a brick other than a closer used where 

 necessary at the end of a wall to preserve the bond, e.g., quarter-bat, 

 three-quarter-bat and half-bat. 



Stretching Course. A continuous row of stretchers. 

 Heading Course. A continuous row of headers. 



English Bond consists of alternate 

 courses of headers and stretchers 

 showing on the wall face. This bond 

 is the strongest, but takes longer to 

 build than garden bond. 



Flemish Bond consists of alternate 

 stretchers and headers in each course 

 showing on the wall face. The main 

 feature of this bond is its effective 

 appearance for domestic work. 



Garden Bond consists of three 

 succeeding courses of stretchers and 

 one course of headers showing on the 

 face throughout. This is the bond in 

 most general use for commercial and 

 agricultural buildings. It presents 

 fewest difficulties in building, and is 

 speedy and satisfactory. See figures 

 50-53 for illustrations of bonds. 



FIG. 53. Section of 22 inch 

 thick stone wall showing 

 bond stones, floor slightly 

 below the ground with damp- 

 proof course and field drain 

 surrounded by dry stone in- 

 filling to exclude damp. 



