BUILDING CONSTRUCTION 



181 



Lighting and Ventilation. From the table giving the inlet 

 and outlet area for the various animals, it will be seen that at least 

 23 square inches of inlet and a similar allowance for outlet are 

 required for each large fatting pig or sow. In comparison with 

 what is usually allowed, this, no doubt, will seem excessive, but there 

 is no reason why there should be one law for bullocks and horses 

 and another for pigs. Pigs thrive well if given plenty of fresh 

 air, and young stock reared under these conditions are much hardier 

 than those kept in close, confined quarters. Pigs are very suscept- 

 ible to draughts, perhaps more so than any other animal, and for 

 this reason the air inlets should be placed higher up than is necessary 



FIG. 80. View of a feeding pen. 



for horses and cattle. The most suitable position is about 5 feet 

 from the ground level, and they should be so placed that the cold 

 air does not strike down on the animals in the pens. If there are 

 wall windows then they can be used for lighting and ventilating, 

 the Sherringham valve or hopper type being the most suitable. If 

 the lighting is all done from the roof, then drain pipes set in the 

 walls are economical and efficient inlets, and they may if necessary 

 be supplemented by air bricks. The outlet should be at the roof 

 ridge as described in the section dealing with ventilation. Roof 

 skylights are to be avoided over the pens, as when open they make 

 them cold and draughty. 



The walls of the buildings and the partition walls of the pens 

 should be given a smooth, hard face with cement; the walls to a 

 height of 4 or 5 feet and the partitions on all surfaces and top edges. 

 All corners and angles must be filled in with a cement fillet. 



If a boiler house is included in the general arrangement of the 



