268 EXPERIMENTS 



still remained very good. Gave ten drachms in the usual way. In the 

 evening the pulse was 40, the respirations 6, the appetite and evacuations 

 natural. Gave fourteen drachms. 



14th. 10 A.M. No change from last night. Got an ounce ; but when 

 having it put over, the animal ran back and went down. At 1 she was 

 raised, still continued to eat, and at 1.30 got another dose of an ounce. 

 She remained down all day, and appeared nauseated. The pulse was not 

 quite regular, probably owing to occasional struggling, but reached about 

 60 when at its maximum. Eespirations about 12. At 6.30 the animal 

 was still eating and drinking, but only sparingly ; was much nauseated 

 and lying pretty quiet, with the lips much retracted, and the pulse 75 and 

 weak. 



15th. 10 A.M. Found dead, having taken ten ounces and six drachms 

 of tartar emetic in six days. Barlow made the following notes of the 

 post-mortem examination : The muscular tissue in every part of the body 

 was unusually flaccid, although rigor mortis was well established. The 

 right lung, which was lowermost as the animal lay, was much congested in 

 its deeper and central parts ; the several margins were comparatively pale ; 

 at the anterior part of the anterior lobe there was much emphysema. The 

 left lung was perfectly healthy, and not at all emphysematous. The 

 bronchial tube and smaller bronchi in both lungs contained frothy 

 mucus. The pleura and pericardium were in every way healthy. The heart 

 was very large, its cavities being filled with firmly coagulated blood. At 

 the junction of the villous and cuticular coats, the stomach was much con- 

 tracted, and exhibited a slight blush, not amounting to redness. The 

 cuticular coat was marked with several indentations, such as are produced 

 by bots ; but in all other respects the stomach was perfectly healthy. 

 The intestines were also perfectly healthy both within and without. The 

 liver was in a state of cirrhosis, such as is often seen in old and worn-out 

 horses. The organs of urination and generation were quite normal. The 

 brain was healthy, but the subarachnoid spaces contained a considerable 

 quantity of fluid. 



CASE II. A mare, about 16 hands high, and in good health and condi- 

 tion, got three drachms of tartar emetic daily, in bolus, for five days, and 

 then four drachms daily for thirteen days making in all ten ounces and 

 three drachms in eighteen days but without exhibiting any physiological 

 effect. The animal was destroyed by cutting the carotid artery, but the 

 post-mortem examination revealed nothing at all abnormal. It may be 

 mentioned that, on the twelfth day of experiment, twenty ounces of urine 

 were removed, and found to contain a perceptible but not very large 

 quantity of antimony. 



CASE III. A black mare, of sound, healthy constitution, took ten 

 ounces and a half of tartar emetic (in doses of four drachms, repeated twice 

 and thrice a day) during ten consecutive days ; yet she was in no way 

 affected by it ; her pulse and respiration were scarcely at all altered ; her 

 appetite throughout was voracious ; her evacuations natural in appearance 

 and quantity ; and her condition considerably improved. She was 

 poisoned by a fluid drachm of Fleming's tincture of aconite. On dissection 

 not a single morbid appearance referable to the tartar emetic was observed. 

 The stomach and intestines were carefully examined, and found ' beautifully 

 healthy.' 



CASE IV. A healthy, well-bred horse was given ten ounces of tartar 

 emetic in solution, and after showing a good deal of nausea, uneasiness, and 

 pain, died in about six hours. The only notable appearances on post- 

 mortem examination were softness and increased vascularity of the intes- 



