284 ARSENICAL SOLUTIONS 



of tuberculosis, trypanosomiasis, piroplasmosis, and certain 

 skin diseases. The cacodylates are believed to promote 

 assimilation and to improve nutrition, and in anaemia the 

 sodium salt is said to increase the number of red corpuscles 

 in the blood. In dourine hypodermic injections of sodium 

 cacodylate, grs. xv. to grs. xxx., increasing to grs. xlv. per 

 day, have given very good results. 



DOSES (sodium cacodylate). Horses, grs. viii. to grs. xxx. ; 

 dogs, gr. f to gr. 1J per day, hypodermically. These doses 

 freely diluted may be administered daily for five to ten days, 

 then discontinued for a week, and repeated if necessary. 



Atoxyl, the sodium salt of para-aminophenylarsenic acid 

 NH 2 C 6 H 4 AsO(OH) 2 , a white crystalline powder, soluble in 

 six parts of cold water, and in 125 parts of alcohol ; and 

 arrhenal or disodium methylarsenate, a colourless crystalline 

 salt, very soluble in water, have been prescribed in the 

 treatment of sleeping sickness in man, and of the various 

 trypanosomiases (dourine, nagana) and piroplasmoses in 

 animals. Koch states that atoxyl in trypanosomiasis is 

 equal in value to quinine in malaria. Arrhenal, given as a 

 substitute for cacodylate of soda, has proved very beneficial 

 in the treatment of bovine and canine piroplasmosis. 

 Atoxyl is much less toxic than arsenious anhydride ; and as 

 it is decomposed in the stomach it should be administered 

 subcutaneously. Foals infested with sclerostomum tetra- 

 canthum have been successfully treated by atoxyl ad- 

 ministered subcutaneously in doses gradually increasing 

 from three grains to fifteen grains per day. 



The administration of atoxyl to the dog requires great care. 

 Woodridge gave a bulldog one cubic centimetre of a 10 per 

 cent, solution on alternate days, and on the day following the 

 fourth dose the dog refused food and had a rolling gait ; next 

 day the dog's temperature was subnormal (97 Fahr.), his 

 skin was livid in patches, and he died during the following 

 night. 



DOSES, etc. (atoxyl). Horses, grs. ii. to grs. iv., gradually 

 increasing to grs. x. or grs. xii. per day, in at least twenty 

 parts of sterilised solution of sodium chloride. Before 

 injection the solution should be warmed to blood heat ; and 

 the minimum dose may be injected daily for a week, then 



