CHLORALAMIDE 385 



mides, opium, or belladonna ; for relief of pain, with opium, 

 belladonna, or camphor. The B.P. syrupus chloral contains 

 ten grains chloral hydrate in each drachm. 



BUTYL-CHLORAL HYDRATE is obtained by the addition of 

 water to the liquid butyl-chloral produced by the action of 

 chlorine gas on aldehyde (C 4 H 5 C1 3 O.H 2 0). It forms pearly 

 crystalline scales, which are pungent, acid, and disagreeable 

 to the taste. Soluble in fifty parts of water, in one of 

 glycerin, or alcohol, and in twenty of chloroform. It 

 resembles chloral, but is less powerful, has less depressant 

 action on the heart, has been said to paralyse especially the 

 fifth nerve and parts supplied by it, and has been prescribed 

 in human medicine in facial neuralgia, migraine, and as a 

 hypnotic instead of chloral in weak heart (Brunton). 



CHLORALAMIDE has been obtained by the action of 

 formamide on chloral. It occurs in colourless crystals, 

 slightly bitter, soluble in nine parts of water, and in two of 

 alcohol. When administered it appears to be converted 

 into chloral, which it resembles, but is less depressant to 

 the circulation so that blood pressure is not lowered to the 

 same extent. It is a topical irritant, causing diarrhoea 

 when full doses are swallowed. Dogs receiving seven to ten 

 grains per kilogramme of body-weight in five minutes 

 become restless, moan, and lose the power of movement. 

 These symptoms continue about an hour, and are followed 

 by drowsiness, and sometimes by sleep (Kaufmann). 

 Neither as a hypnotic nor as an analgesic is it as effectual as 

 chloral. Prohner states that it is frequently substituted 

 for chloral, but that it is milder, and does not act so notably 

 on digestion or circulation. He prescribes it in cramps and 

 excitement in dogs, and especially in distemper. Doses. 

 Horses and cattle, jss. to ijss ; sheep, grs. xlv. to 3 u i- '> 

 dogs, grs. x. to grs. xlv. 



CHLORETONE (trichlor-tertiary-butyl-alcohol) may be pre- 

 pared by the interaction of chloroform, acetone, and an 

 alkali. It occurs in white crystals, with a camphor-like 

 taste ; sparingly soluble in water, soluble in ten parts 

 glycerin, and dissolving readily in alcohol. It is hypnotic, 

 local anaesthetic, and antiseptic. Its hypnotic action is 

 believed to be exerted through the central nervous system 



2B 



