396 ANTIPYRINE 



It is excreted in the urine, to which it imparts the odour of 

 violets. Larger doses accelerate cardiac and respiratory 

 movements, while toxic doses cause nervous depression, 

 muscular trembling, convulsions, lowered temperature, and 

 loss of sensibility. Benzene is an effectual poison for 

 various skin parasites in all classes of patients, and is usually 

 applied after a thorough wash with soap and water, either 

 undiluted, or in young and delicate subjects, and in cats, 

 dogs, and fowls, which are sensitive to its irritant 

 effects, mixed with one to three parts of olive oil, or 

 vaseline. Benzol alone or mixed with oil is sometimes 

 used in the treatment of follicular mange, prurigo, and 

 urticaria. 



DOSES. (Vermifuge), horses and cattle, 3J V - to ij. ; 

 sheep and calves, 3J- to 3J V - \ dogs, ll\x. to 3J- 



ANTIPYRINB 



PHENAZONE. PHENAZONUM. Commonly known as ' anti- 

 pyrine.' Phenyl-dimethyl-pyrazolone. C 6 H 5 (CH 3 ) 2 

 C 3 HN 2 0. 



Phenazone is obtainable from phenylhydrazine by inter- 

 action with acetoacetic ether, and the subsequent interaction 

 of the resulting phenyl-methyl-pyrazolone with methyl 

 iodide (B.P.). It occurs in colourless, odourless, scaly 

 crystals, with a bitter taste. Soluble in about one part and 

 a half of water, alcohol, or chloroform, and in forty parts of 

 ether. A one per cent, aqueous solution yields a white 

 precipitate with tannin, and is coloured yellow by concen- 

 trated nitric acid. Incompatibles spirit of nitrous ether, 

 tannic acid, vegetable astringents, corrosive sublimate, 

 chloral, and salicylates. 



ACTIONS AND USES. Antipyrine is an active member of 

 the benzol or aromatic carbon group, and, like others of 

 the series, it is antiseptic, antipyretic, and analgesic. It is 

 a local anaesthetic and haemostatic. Strong doses irritate 

 the mucous surfaces, and hence when swallowed sometimes 

 cause vomiting, and other evidences of gastro-intestinal 

 disturbance in men and dogs. Frohner reports that dogs 



