402 TRYPANBLTJE AND NAPHTHALENE 



ducing little irritation. Soluble in seventy-five parts of 

 water, and twelve of alcohol. A solution of one in one 

 thousand destroys the vitality of anthrax bacilli ; and a 

 solution of one in two thousand arrests the development 

 of pyogenic organisms. Methyl violet has been used in the 

 treatment of keratitis and suppurative conjunctivitis. 



METHYLENE BLUE, a complex derivative of aniline, occurs 

 in dark blue crystals or crystalline powder of a bronze- 

 like tinge. Slightly soluble in water, alcohol, and glycerin, 

 it has been prescribed as an anodyne in painful nervous 

 affections, to paint on and eradicate warts, and as an 

 antiseptic dressing for ulcers of the lips in dogs and cattle 

 for which purpose Cadiot employs a solution of ten parts 

 dissolved in fifty parts each of alcohol and glycerin. 



TRYPANBLUE or Trypanblau (C 34 H 24 N 6 14 S 4 Na 4 ), derived 

 from toluidine and sodium amido-naphtholsulphonate, 

 has been recently used by Nuttall, Hadwen, Jowett, and 

 others in the treatment of canine and bovine piroplasmosis 

 and of East Coast fever. For some time another similar 

 dye, trypanred or trypanroth has been tried as a remedy 

 for trypanosomiasis with varying results. Trypanblue 

 given by the mouth has no appreciable action in piro- 

 plasmosis, but when given intravenously or subcutaneously 

 it destroys the piroplasmata in the blood stream. Nuttail 

 employed a one to five per cent, solution of trypanblue in 

 cold sterilised water, in doses of 2 cubic centimetres for 

 small dogs ; 15 cub. cent, for large dogs ; and 150 cub. 

 cent, to 200 cub. cents, for cattle. Hypodermic injections 

 of trypanblue may be followed by local irritation, abscess 

 formation, and sloughing of portions of the skin, and to 

 prevent these effects Jowett advises administration by 

 intravenous injection. Experiments with this agent on 

 dogs tend to show that it may prove useful as a prophylactic 

 for piroplasmosis. 



NAPHTHALENE is prepared from tar and tar oils, and occurs 

 in colourless, soft, peculiar-smelling, but tasteless crystals. 

 Soluble in ether, alcohol, fats and oils ; insoluble in water. 

 It is antiseptic, feebly antipyretic, and parasiticide. Moderate 

 doses are non-poisonous, but when given for several months 

 they cause wasting and diarrhoea, with ulceration of the 



