ANTISEPTIC SOLUTIONS 417 



disease should be sponged daily with a two per cent, carbolic 

 solution, and all discharges should be treated with a five 

 per cent, or stronger solution. Infection may thus be 

 prevented spreading to healthy subjects, which, by daily 

 administration of antiseptics, may, moreover, be rendered 

 less liable to suffer from disease. 



DOSES, etc. Horses and cattle take fl\xxx. to ll\clx. ; 

 sheep and large pigs, Tl\x. to H\xx. ; dogs, TT\i. to IT^iii. 

 Carbolic acid should not be given to cats, and as it com- 

 municates a disagreeable odour to the flesh, it should not 

 be administered to cattle or sheep intended for immediate 

 slaughter for human food. The B.P. liquefied acid is best 

 for internal use. It may be made into bolus with meal, 

 but is more readily absorbed, more regular in its effects, 

 and less likely to develop local irritation, when given well 

 diluted, either in water or in glycerin and water. One part 

 by weight of acid rubbed in a mortar with ten of glycerin 

 forms a convenient compound, readily miscible with water 

 or other solvent. Brown discoloration of the urine need not 

 prevent the continued use of the drug. Such discoloration 

 results more frequently from external applications which 

 favour rapid oxidation. An ointment is made by rubbing 

 in a mortar about one part of acid with twenty of vaseline or 

 lard. The liniment usually contains one part of acid shaken 

 up with twenty to forty of olive or rapeseed oil. For 

 dusting irritable surfaces it is mixed with starch, lycopodium, 

 and occasionally with charcoal and plaster of Paris. Watery 

 solutions (3 to 5 per cent.) are, however, most convenient 

 and penetrating, and are best fitted for antiseptic purposes. 

 Lister's strong solution consists of 50 parts each of carbolic 

 acid and glycerin (or alcohol), and 900 parts of water. 

 For intratracheal injection a one per cent, solution in alcohol 

 and water may be used in doses of 2J to 5 drachms. Sub- 

 cutaneously the horse may be given j. to ij. of a one or 

 two per cent, solution of phenol in 20 parts of glycerin and 

 80 parts of water. Camphorated carbolic acid, used as a 

 germicide dressing for sluggish sores, consists of twelve 

 parts phenol, four of camphor, and one of water ; liquefied 

 by trituration. Iodised phenol is made with one ounce of 

 liquid carbolic acid and forty grains of iodine. Carbolic oil, 



2D 



