INTESTINAL TORPIDITY AND IMPACTION 515 



7 Ibs. 6J oz. ; and in the third hour two evacuations, 

 weighing 2 Ibs. 13J oz. ; in three hours a total of 40 Ibs. 10 oz. 

 of ingesta. 



' In comparing these two cases, the value of pilocarpine 

 as an addition to eserine is clearly demonstrated. 



' A horse received 1 \ grains of eserine by the trachea ; it 

 acted in forty-one minutes, and produced in the hour five 

 evacuations ; during the second hour four evacuations. The 

 weight was unfortunately not obtained, but the quantity 

 of ingesta completely filled a stable bucket. The case was 

 one of most obstinate constipation, and had previously 

 received 6 drachms of aloes, which acted at the expiration 

 of the usual time. 



' Another horse received by the trachea 1 grain of eserine 

 with 3 grains of pilocarpine, and this combination acted in 

 one and a half hours, producing, in two and a half hours 

 from time of injection, eight evacuations, weighing 26 Ibs., 

 exclusive of loss. The pilocarpine produced its salivating 

 effects in four minutes from the time of injection.' ( Veterin- 

 ary Journal, 1888.) 



R. Rutherford gave a horse, weighing about 950 Ibs., 

 5 grains commercial eserine, which within half an hour 

 caused profuse perspiration, convulsive breathing, with 

 violent action of the diaphragm. About two hours later, 

 when the symptoms were abating, he gave 3 grains more, 

 and death followed in half an hour. 



Kaufmann records that on opening the abdomen of a 

 horse which had received a full dose of physostigmine, 

 energetic contractions of the large intestine were seen. 

 Animals poisoned exhibit pallor, contraction, and hardness 

 of the large intestine ; the urinary bladder is empty and 

 contracted, and the uterus also contracted. 



ANTIDOTES. As the bean is not very soluble, the stomach 

 should be evacuated either by an emetic or the stomach- 

 pump. Ipecacuanha has been recommended as an antidote. 

 Physostigmine is antagonised by moderate doses of atropine. 

 Fraser found that rabbits, receiving one and a half the lethal 

 dose, recovered, if atropine was given simultaneously, in 

 doses of gr. -fa to gr. i. While small doses act as antidotes, 

 larger hasten a fatal result. The atropine specially counter- 



