DOSES AND ADMINISTRATION 565 



administered two or three times daily. Given in the fluid 

 form, their solubility is increased and their bitterness 

 diminished by prescribing them in an acidulated solution. 

 They are also conveniently exhibited in milk. Any tend- 

 ency to nausea or vomiting is abated by combination with 

 hydrobromic acid. Quinine is contra-indicated in pregnant 

 females and in patients with heart disease. 



Intratracheal injection, horses, grs. ii. to grs. viij. quinine 

 hydrochloride, in two drachms distilled water. For intra- 

 tracheal injection, a convenient solution of the sulphate 

 (80 grains) is made with tartaric acid (40 grains) in 4 drachms 

 of distilled water. Another equally useful solution is made 

 with 15 grains quinine hydrochloride and 2J drachms 

 distilled water, containing a minim of diluted hydrochloric 

 acid. Quinine lactate, which is soluble in ten parts of water, 

 is sometimes preferred for hypodermic administration. 

 The cinchona alkaloids form comparatively insoluble com- 

 pounds with bile, and hence before their administration 

 any excess of bile should be cleared away by a laxative. 

 They are often conjoined with other bitter tonics, and with 

 capsicum, camphor, valerian, or salts of iron. The citrate 

 of iron and quinine is sometimes used in canine practice, but 

 it is better to prescribe a reliable quinine salt with a salt of 

 iron. The tincture of quinine, made with the hydrochloride 

 and the tincture of orange, contains one grain of the salt in 

 55 minims. The ammoniated tincture of quinine, made with 

 the sulphate, solution of ammonia, and alcohol (60 per cent.), 

 contains about one grain in 55 minims. Quini-chloral, a 

 thick oily mixture of quinine and chloral, soluble in water 

 and in alcohol, is stated to be superior, as a germicide, to 

 corrosive sublimate. 



SALICYLIC ACID-SODIUM SALICYLATB 

 ACIDUM SALICYLICUM. A Crystalline Acid, C 6 H 4 .OH.COOH, 

 obtained by the interaction of sodium carbolate, and 

 carbonic anhydride ; or from natural salicylates, such 

 as the oil of winter-green (Gaultheria procumbens) and 

 oil of sweet birch (Betula lenta). (B.P.) 

 Salicylic acid was originally prepared from salicin, 

 a crystalline glucoside obtained from willow and poplar 



