604 OIL OF TURPENTINE 



with salines, and in such cases it is also usefully applied 

 externally. 



Turpentine, well kept and fully oxidised, as the French 

 variety generally is, contains formic, acetic, and carbonic 

 acids, and is an antidote in poisoning with phosphorus. 

 Phosphorus in repeated doses produces in animals fatty 

 degeneration ; but neither this nor other forms of phos- 

 phorus poisoning occurred when the drug was given with 

 French turpentine (Kohler). Personne gave phosphorus to 

 five dogs, and all died. To five others, an hour or two after 

 similar lethal doses, he gave turpentine, and only one died. 

 Of five dogs to which he gave turpentine, immediately after 

 deadly doses of phosphorus, only one died (Ringer). 



In cattle practice full doses are valuable in hoven. Chronic 

 diarrhoea and dysentery, especially when accompanied by 

 flatulence, are often benefited by small doses conjoined 

 with lime-water, aromatics, or opium. In post-partum 

 haemorrhage in cows turpentine is prescribed in doses of 

 3 or 4 ounces, and it is commonly given, along with iron 

 salts, in cases of bovine piroplasmosis or red-water in this 

 country. 



For the destruction of intestinal worms oil of turpentine 

 is generally conjoined with a laxative, and given after the 

 bowels have been emptied by a cathartic, and the patient 

 has been fasted. Although it removes round worms, it is 

 not in horses a certain remedy for tape-worms, but its 

 efficacy is increased by combination with male fern. A 

 tolerably good taeniacide for the horse consists of two ounces 

 of turpentine and one ounce of male fern extract, dissolved 

 in a pint of linseed oil. For tape-worms in dogs, areca nut, 

 male fern, and cusso are more effectual than turpentine. 



For destroying strongyles infesting the air-passages of 

 calves and lambs, turpentine has been widely used. In 

 some sheep-breeding districts of England, thriftless, cough- 

 ing lambs, throughout the summer months, at intervals of 

 a week or ten days are given turpentine drenches, with 

 the view of killing both bronchial and intestinal worms : 

 and such treatment certainly greatly diminishes the scouring 

 and mortality to which lambs in some localities are liable. 

 Six-month calves take half an ounce, lambs of the like 



