KAMALA YOHIMBINE 617 



may be repeated in three days. Kaufmann recommends 

 doses to be given in the morning, at noon, and at night. 

 The worms narcotised, relinquish their hold, and are swept 

 out by a laxative, administered a few hours after the last 

 dose of extract. 



KAMALA 



A powder consisting of the minute glands and hairs obtained 

 from the surface of the fruits of Mallotus philippinensis. 

 Nat. Ord. Euphorbiaceae. (Not official.) 



The granular, brick-red, resinous powder, which consti- 

 tutes kamala, is obtained from the capsules of an evergreen 

 small tree indigenous to Australia, India, and Abyssinia. 

 It yields an active yellow crystalline substance rottlerin. 



ACTIONS AND USES. It is a drastic purgative and vermi- 

 cide. For the destruction of tape- worm it is nearly as active 

 as areca-nut and male shield fern. The dose for a dog is 

 3ss. to 3i-> administered in thick gruel, treacle, or linseed 

 oil, or an alcoholic tincture may be used. 



YOHIMBINE 



YOHIMBINE, or APHRODINE (C 22 H 28 N 2 O 3 ), an alkaloid ob- 

 tained by Spiegel from the" bark of the Yohimbehe tree 

 (Corynanihe yohimbi), growing in the Cameroons, and 

 belonging to the natural order, Rubiacece. 



Yohimbine occurs in prismatic needles, or as a white 

 amorphous powder, nearly insoluble in water ; soluble in 

 alcohol, ether, chloroform, and acids. Exposed to air and 

 light it gradually alters and assumes a yellow tint. It is 

 generally prescribed as the hydrochloride, which keeps well. 



ACTIONS AND USES. In properly regulated doses yohim- 

 bine is a powerful aphrodisiac ; it stimulates the erection 

 centre in the spinal cord, and causes marked congestion 

 of the genital organs. Large doses appear to have no 

 special influence on the sexual system, but they produce 

 a state of general excitement, with restlessness, irregular 

 respiration, fall in blood-pressure, increase of pulse rate, 

 and more or less cardiac depression. Applied to the eye, 

 a one per cent, solution of the hydrochloride induces anaes- 



