688 SOAPS 



the mouth, nostrils and udder, and as a soothing dressing 

 for erythema and the early weeping stages of eczema, 

 especially in dogs. The glyeerina of carbolic and tannic 

 acids are prepared with one part of the acid and five of 

 glycerin. Glycerin of alum is made with one of alum, three 

 of distilled water, and six of glycerin. Similar antiseptic 

 and astringent preparations are made with glycerin and 

 borax, and also with glycerin and acetate and oxide of lead, 

 and water to effect thorough solution. A handy antiseptic 

 and astringent application is extemporised by mixing equal 

 parts of glycerin and Goulard's Extract. It is diluted as 

 required, and used for erythematous and eczematous con- 

 ditions of the skin. Boro-glyeeride, prepared by heating 

 ninety-two parts glycerin and sixty-two boric acid, and used 

 diluted with twenty to forty parts water, is an effectual 

 non-poisonous antiseptic, useful for relaxed conditions of 

 the throat, as a dressing for wounds, for the preservation of 

 food, and as a vehicle for applying carbolic acid, iodine, 

 iodoform, and belladonna. 



For various itching, erythematous, and eczematous 

 diseases, a soothing, drying protective is prepared by mixing, 

 with the aid of gentle heat, three parts each of glycerin, 

 gelatin, and water, with one of zinc oxide ; and with such a 

 mixture may be incorporated, as required, creosote, carbolic 

 acid, resorcin, naphthol, or dermatol. 



SOAPS 



SODIUM OR HARD SOAP. Sapo durus. Sodium Oleate. 

 POTASSIUM OR SOFT SOAP. Sapo mollis. Potassium Oleate. 

 CURD SOAP. Sapo animalis. Sodium Stearate, with about 

 30 per cent, of water. (B.P.) 



Soaps consist of alkali salts of higher fatty acids. Hard 

 soaps are made by boiling palm or cocoanut oil or tallow 

 with sodium hydroxide or carbonate, when the alkali unites 

 with the fatty acids, displacing the basic glyceryl. Common 

 salt added to the gelatinous boiling ley separates the soap 

 in flakes, which are collected, run into moulds, and dried. 

 Such soaps are a mixture of sodium stearate, with about 



