696 TUBERCULIN 



7. In horses that are not glandered the local swelling attains its maximum 

 size during the first fifteen hours, and by the twenty-fourth hour it has 

 almost entirely disappeared. Its maximum diameter is usually about 3 

 or 4 inches. 



8. When the temperature gradually rises from the normal to 104 during 

 the first fifteen hours, and a large slowly disappearing swelling forms at the 

 seat of injection, the horse may confidently be declared glandered. 



9. If, with a normal temperature at the time of injection, a horse displays 

 only the temperature reaction, or only the local reaction, the case must be 

 considered doubtful, and the test repeated after the lapse of a week. 



10. When the temperature is 102 or more, at the time of injection, the 

 temperature reaction is unreliable, but in such a case the diagnosis may be 

 based on the characters of the local swelling. 



11. The mallein should be kept in a cool place, and protected from 

 light. Should it lose its transparency, or become cloudy, it must not be 

 used. 



TUBERCULIN 



Tuberculin employed for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in 

 animals, is the sterilised and filtered liquid-culture of 

 tubercle bacilli (see Mallein). 



Directions for using tuberculin as prepared and supplied 

 by the Royal Veterinary College, London : 



1. While under the tuberculin test cattle ought to be kept in the shed, 

 fed on their usual food, and protected from draughts. They ought not to 

 be allowed to drink large quantities of cold water between the sixth and 

 fifteenth hours after injection. It is well to take their temperature at 

 least once on the day preceding the test. 



2. The dose of tuberculin for a medium-sized cow is 3 cubic centimetres, 

 or 50 minims, and it may be varied above or below that according to the 

 size of the animal. Large bulls ought to receive 4 c. c. 



3. It ought to be injected under the skin with a clean hypodermic syringe. 

 The most convenient points are in front of the shoulder, or on the chest 

 wall behind the point of the elbow. The best form of syringe is one with 

 an asbestos piston, as the whole instrument may be sterilised by boiling it 

 in water for five minutes before use. 



4. The tuberculin must be injected into the subcutaneous connective 

 tissue, and care must be taken that the whole dose is introduced. 



5. The temperature must be taken at the time of injection, and at the 

 9th, 12th, and 15th hours afterwards. 



6. Animals in which the temperature during the fifteen hours following 

 the injection rises gradually to 104 or more may be classed as tuberculous, 

 and those in which it remains under 103 as not tuberculous. When the 

 maximum temperature attained is under 104 but over 103 the case 

 must be considered doubtful, and the animal may be re-tested after a 

 month. 



7. The test is not reliable in the case of animals in the last stage of the 

 disease, or in those in which the temperature is over 103 before injection. 



8. The tuberculin should be kept in a cool place, and protected from 

 light. Should it become turbid or cloudy it must not be used. 



9. The tuberculin test does not render the milk in any way injurious. 



